毕业论文-用于空间功率合成的抛物曲面天线的研究.doc

用于空间功率合成的抛物曲面天线的研究 电磁场与微波技术 摘 要 在现代战争中，电子战是一条非常重要的战线，它利用电磁波辐射波束破坏敌方电子武器装备的同时，保障己方武器装备效能的正常发挥而采取的军事行动。这就需要输出很高的辐射功率干扰或覆盖敌方的通信信号，并且不能影响己方的作战系统正常工作。 空间功率合成技术把多个功率源的信号叠加起来，形成高功率的微波信号，它采用大直径波束或波导模式与有源器件直接耦合，实现多单元器件功率直接合成。由于所有单元器件并行工作，系统损耗只取决于传输模式与有源器件的耦合性能，与单元器件个数无关，有效的解决了电路合成效率随单元个数增加而下降的问题，是产生大功率电磁波辐射的有效途径。 本文基于抛物柱面空间功率合成天线提出了一种新型的双焦抛物曲面反射面天线，并根据惠更斯—菲涅尔原理对馈源相位进行配置，以达到让喇叭馈源阵列辐射出的电磁波在反射面口径面上同相合成的目的。同时研究了抛物曲面天线各个结构参数对天线性能的影响，给出了获得最佳性能时天线的结构参数。本文还对抛物曲面天线的波束扫描特性进行了研究，其中包括了偏焦电扫描和机械扫描的特性。根据研究结果，分析了扫描方式具体的运用环境。 本文还对抛物曲面天线进行了实际测量，跟同样高度的抛物柱面天线进行了对比。测试结果显示，采用抛物曲面天线比抛物柱面的增益大了3 dB，这验证了抛物曲面天线的优越性以及可行性，对工程实践具有重要的指导意义。 关键字：空间功率合成；物理光学法；抛物曲面天线，波束扫描 Abstract Electronic warfare plays a significant role in modern warfare. Making use of electromagnetic wave to radiate electron beam, it can not only destroy the electronic weapons and equipment of the adversary but also safeguard the normal performance of one’s own weapons and equipment. To fulfill this task, it is imperative for electronic warfare to output very high radiant power to interfere with or cover the adversary’s communication signals without influencing the normal functioning of one’s own warfare system. The technique of spatial power combining superposes signals with different power sources together to form high-power microwave signal. It utilizes large-diameter beams or wave-guide modes to directly couple with active devices in order to realize the direct synthesis of power of multi single-unit components. Since all multi single-unit components work in parallel, the system loss only relies on the coupling performance of transmission modes and active devices and has nothing to do with the number of single-unit components, which can effectively solve the problem that the synthetic efficiency of circuit declines along with the increase of the number of single-unit components. It appears to be an effective way to produce high-power electromagnetic wave radiation. This dissertation proposed a novel dual-focus parabolic curved ref