基于单片机控制的循迹小车比赛论文.doc

基于单片机控制的智能循迹小车设计报告 摘要 本系统是通过红外检测器采集道路信号，以单片机STC12C5A60S2为控制核心，与L298一起控制电机，使智能小车按照比赛中所设计的赛道上行驶，即在跑道中智能的进行转弯、排除干扰，顺利地通过整个赛道。它要求实时采集传感器信号，智能分析路径信息，自动实现方向控制.小车在整个跑道行驶中，利用红外检测器所检测到跑道上的信号传送到单片机，再通过单片机对步进电机控制，实现小车车轮的转动，进而控制小车的前进、转弯、停止等状态。本系统的模块主要有：红外循迹模块、单片机最小系统模块（控制器模块）、电源模块、L298芯片驱动步进电机模块。 关键词：智能小车 单片机 红外传感 步进电机 Abstract The system is through the infrared detector acquisition road signal with the single chip processor of STC12C5A60S2 as a control core, SCM and L298 together control the motor, so that it makes intelligent car drive on the track designed according to thecompetition . that is the intelligence car can runway, turn around obstructions and through the whole circuit smoothly .It needs to Acquire sensor data signal at anytime and analysisy the path information intelligently and realize the direction control automatically . In the entire runway the car uses infrared detector to detect the signals sent to the chip microcomputer and then controls the stepping motor through the monolithic integrated circuit to realize the car wheel rotation so that the car can realizes some functions like moving forward ,turnning around and stoping and so on. The system consists of the following modules : the tracing module, the single-chip microcomputer infrared followed the smallest system module (controller module), the power modules and stepping motor module with the chip of L298. Key words: Intelligent car SCM Infrared sensor Stepping motor 目 录 1. 任务概述……………………………………………………………...1 1.1作品简介………………………………………………………………………………………..1 1.2详细功能列表…………………………………………………………………………………..1 1.3总体简易关系图………………………………………………………………………………..1 1.4方案论证………………………………………………………………………………………..1 2. 硬件电路描述……...............................................................................2 2.1电源模块………………………………………………………………………………………..2 2.2驱动模块………………………………………………………………………………………..3 2.3循迹模块……...………………………………………………………………………………...5 2.4控制模块………………………………………………………………………………………..6 3. 软件描述..........................