基于单片机的电阻炉温度.doc

基于单片机的电阻炉温度控制系统设计 摘要 电阻炉被广泛地应用在工业生产中，它的温度控制效果直接影响到生产效率和产品质量，因而设计一个控制精度高、运行稳定的电阻炉温度控制系统具有很高的应用价值。 本系统以电阻炉为被控对象，K型热电偶为温度传感器，ATmega128单片机为核心，采用PID控制方法，设计了一种控制精度较高的温度控制系统。在论文中详细阐述了控制系统的硬件设计、软件设计以及PID控制方法。 在对电阻炉温度控制方法深入研究的基础上，本设计主要完成了温度控制系统的总体方案设计、系统的硬件原理图、信号调理电路以及由隔离功放和双向晶闸管组成的温度控制电路的设计，同时完成了系统的软件程序设计及其初始化，成功的调试出了温度设定、显示、PID控制及越限报警等电路。 关键词：电阻炉；温度；单片机；PID控制 Based on single-chip microcomputer s resistance furnace temperature control system design Abstract Resistance furnace was widely used in industrial production, the effect of the temperature control of Resistance furnace has a direct impact on productivity and product quality.Therefore, the design of a high-precision control and stable operation of the resistance furnace temperature control system has a high application value. This system take the resistance furnace as the controlled plant, the K thermo-element is the temperature sensor, the ATmega128 single-chip microcomputer for the core part, uses the PID control method, has designed one kind of high-precision control of temperature control systems. In detail elaborated the control system hardware design, the software design as well as the PID control method in the paper. To the resistance furnace temperature control method deep researchs foundation, this design has mainly completed temperature control systems overall concept design, systems hardware schematic diagram, the signal recuperation electric circuit as well as temperature-control circuits design which is composed of the isolation power amplifier and the bidirectional thyristor,at the same time has completed systems software routine design and the initialization, electric circuits and so on success debugging temperature setting, display, PID control and overstep warning. Key words: resistance furnace; temperature ; PID control;single-chip microcomputer 目录 摘要 I Abstract II 第一章 绪论 1 1.1 课题研究的背景及意义 1 1.2 国内外研究概况及发展趋势 1 1.2.1 电阻炉国内外发展动态 1 1.2.2 控制理论的发展状况 2 1.2.3 智能温度控制技术的发展 2 第二章 电阻炉温度控制总体方案设计 4 2.1 基于虚拟仪器的电