讲座如何科学命制初中英语试题(杨延从).pptVIP

如何科学命制初中英语试题 也有试题不够合理： 例26： C）听下面一段短文，然后根据短文内容完成下列句子。听短文前你有30秒钟的时间阅读各小题。短文读三遍。(每空写一词，每小题1分) 19. The middle school students in Beijing are getting _____ sleeping time. 20. The teachers and _____ give the students too much homework. 21. The students themselves don’t know how to _____ the time. 22. The students don’t do their homework _____ , so it takes them much time. 23. Some students have to get up early on _____ . 24. The students should have _____ hours’ sleep every day at least（至少）. 录音原文：More and more middle school students in Beijing are getting shorter sleeping time. Most students sleep fewer than nine hours every night, because they have much homework to do, Some homework is given by school teachers, and some by parents. Also, some students don’t know how to save the time. They are not careful enough while doing their homework, so it takes them a lot of time. Some students have to get up early every morning on weekdays to get to school on time by bus or bike. It can be a long way from home to school. Schools and parents should cut down some of homework so that the children can enjoy not less than nine hours of sleep every night for their healthy. 点评：该题录音中的听力素材不太合适，主要表现为：（1）短文选材存在问题，最好使用应用文体类，如口头通知、新闻报道、导游介绍、广播通知、演说稿等，使其更接近于真实的语言运用；（2）口语特征的句式不多，复合句多了一些，不属于口语范畴；（3）录音内容分析了北京学生睡眠不足的原因，大多数考生很熟悉，有的答案甚至可以根据常识推断出来，如19题less/shorter、20题parents、21题save/use和23题weekdays等，无法真正考查考生听的技能。 命题建议： 1．听力测试题的命制要注意以下几个问题：题目的设置重心应是考查考生捕捉、理解和处理信息的能力，避免脱离语境孤立地考查单词或词组，切忌把听力试题命制成“听力语法题”或“听力词汇题”；避免出现考生在未听懂录音内容的情况下，根据自然规律、科学知识或生活常识就能正确作答的题目。 2．要注意不同问题的合理搭配，覆盖面尽可能广。比如，既有提问谈话发生地点或人物间关系的，又有提问最终商议结果的，还有提问数量、日期或价格的；问题涉及的信息点在听力录音里分布要均匀；各个题目之间要彼此独立，互不相关，互不提示；要避免命制过分依靠其它学科的知识或技能才能正确作答的题目；各个选项之间应具有相似性，题干和选项应尽可能简短。各个选项之间在长度、结构和词性等方面应尽可能接近；正确项应具有正确性和唯一性，干扰项则应有迷惑性和非正确性。因此在命制时要尽量考虑周全。 3．命制听力试题时要注重在语境中考查考生运用英语的能力，多采用语境丰富、语言地道的对话式材料。应采用与考生生活和经历相关或是话题为考生所熟悉的听力材料，以符合考生的年龄和认知特点，增加试题的效度。听力材料应突出口语交际性，尽量真实自然，并符合英语在社会生活中真