基于FPGA的等精度频率计设计_本科毕业设计.doc

基于FPGA的等精度频率计设计 摘 要 频率计是实验室和科研、生产中最常用的测量仪器之一。本文介绍了一种基于FPGA芯片设计的等精度频率计。对传统的等精度测量方法进行了改进，采用SOPC设计技术和基于NIOS II嵌入式软核处理器的系统设计方案，通过在FPGA芯片上配置NIOS II软核处理器进行数据运算处理，利用液晶显示器对测量的频率进行实时显示，可读性好。整个系统在一片FPGA芯片上实现，系统测量精度高，实时性好，具有灵活的现场可更改性。 本频率测量仪是以Altera公司生产的CycloneII系列EP2C35F672C6器件为核心实现高精度计数功能。整个电路采用模块化设计，调试制作方便。经过仿真并下载验证，能够实现等精度测频功能，频率测量范围为1HZ--200MHZ。 关键词：等精度，频率计，FPGA， SOPC， NiosII Design of Equal Precision Frequency Meter Based on FPGA ABSTRACT Frequency meter is one of the most commonly used measuring instruments which can be used in laboratory, scientific research and production . An equal precision frequency meter designed with FPGA is introduced in this article. It adopts Very-High-Speed Integrated Circuit HardwareDescription Language to implement function module in frequency meter base on traditional frequency measurement. SOPC designing technique and system designing plan based on Nios II soft core CPU are used in the design. It also adopts Niosll soft core CPU as data processing unit, uses LCD 1602 equipment to display frequency in real- time. The whole system is in the realization of a FPGA chip. So it has a high- precision measurement, real- time and flexible change of scene. The frequency meter is based on CycloneII EP2C35F672C6 Altera device as the core to achieve high-precision counting. Because of the modular design of this circuit, it is facilitate to debug. After the simulation, and downloads the confirmation, can realize equal-precision frequency measurement function. Frequency measurement scope is 1--200MHZ. KEY WORDS：equal precision measurement, frequency meter, FPGA, SOPC, NiosII 目 录 摘 要 I ABSTRACT II 1 绪论 1 1.1 课题提出的背景 1 1.2 课题选择意义 1 2 EDA及其开发平台简介 3 2.1 EDA的具体开发流程 3 2.1.1设计输入 3 2.1.2综合 3 2.1.3 适配 4 2.1.4 仿真 4 2.1.5 编程下载和硬件测试 4 2.2简介NIOS II IDE 4 2.2.1工程管理器 5 2.2.2 编辑器和编译器 6 2.2.3调试器 6 2.2.4闪存编程器 7 3 课题方案选择 8 3.1 频率测量方案选择 8 3.1.1 直接测频法 8 3.1.2 间接测频法 8 3.1.3 等精度测频 9 3.2 基于单片机的测频方案 10 3.3 基于FPGA的测频方案 11 4 基于FPGA等精度频率计的单元模块设计 13 4.1 放大整形模块设计 13 4.2 标准信号产生模块设