铝土矿生物冶金的研究进展与展望.docxVIP

湖南化工职业技术学院毕?业?论?文题 目: 铝土矿生物冶金的研究进展与展望 院系名称: 应用化学系 专业班级: 工业分析与检验 学生姓名: 陈 露 艳 学 号: 201103011238 指导老师: 曹 慧 君 2013年 11 月 15 日摘 要本文主要讲述生物冶金的可发展性，是一种新型的技术，可以说是在以往的技术上步高一个台阶；还讲述了铝土矿的作用，如铝土矿可以用来生产氧化铝，氧化铝是国家紧缺的资源性中间产品，铝土矿也是生产金属铝的原料，也是其最主要的应用领域，其用量占世界铝土矿总产量的90％以上。铝土矿的非金属用途主要是用作耐火材料、研磨材料、化学制品及高铝水泥的原料。铝土矿生物冶金是指利用硅酸盐细菌能够溶解铝硅酸盐矿物的特性，将铝土矿中的硅脱除，此法，先后在国内外取得试验结果并将深入研究。另外，除氧化亚铁硫杆菌能进出金属矿，其他一些生物也具有与矿物作用的能力，报道产胞外多糖的硅酸盐细菌胶质芽孢杆菌可以溶解铝硅酸盐矿物，产有机酸的黑曲霉真菌可以进出氧化矿中的金属元素。作者在本研究中采用不同的方法分离筛选了以上的三种类型的生物冶金微生物，并对它们培养条件，浸矿机理及其矿作用效果进行了研究。关键词： 铝土矿 生物冶金 硅酸盐细菌 研究与展望 脱硅TitleResearch progress and Prospect of bauxite biological metallurgyAbstractThis paper is mainly about the development of bio metallurgy，Is a kind of new technology，Can be said that in the technology, the previous one step higher，Also described the role of bauxite, such as bauxite can be used to produce alumina, alumina is a national shortage of resource intermediate products, bauxite and aluminum metal raw material production, but also the main application field, the amount accounted for more than 90% of the total output of the world bauxite. Non metal uses bauxite is mainly used as refractory materials, abrasive materials, chemical products and high alumina cement raw materials。Bauxite biological metallurgy refers to the use of silicate bacteria can characteristics of dissolved aluminum silicate minerals, the silicon removal, bauxite in this method, at home and abroad has made the test results and the further study.In addition, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans can import metal ore, some other creatures with the ability and mineralization, reported the production of extracellular silicate bacterium Bacillus mucilaginous polysaccharide can be dissolved aluminum silicate minerals, Aspergillums niger fungi producing organic acids can import metal oxide ore in. The author uses different methods in this study, the microbial isolation and screening of biological metallurgy above three types, and culture conditions on them, bioleachin