（课程标准卷地区专用）2013高英语二轮复习 专题限时训练三十四 史地自然型阅读理解配套作业二（解析版）.docVIP

专题限时训练(三十四)　[史地自然型阅读理解(二)] (限时：25分钟)  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (一) Several animal species including gorillas (大猩猩) in Rwanda and tigers in Bangladesh could risk extinction if impact of climate change and extreme weather on their homes is not handled, a UN report showed on Sunday. Released during the course of global climate negotiations in Durban, the report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (UNFAO) shows how higher temperatures, the rise in sea levels, deforestation and overuse of land have damaged the habitats of certain species, especially in Africa. “Many ecosystems have already been affected by increasing population, historical and recent deforestation, short-lasting management practices and even invasive species，” Eduardo Rojas, assistant director general at the UNFAOs forestry department, said at the release of the report. The most affected areas include mountains, islands and coastal areas, which limit the possibilities for animals to move elsewhere and create new habitats. “The remaining populations are limited to very small ecosystems. They have inbreeding (近亲繁殖) problems, and at the end these species may disappear，” he added. Other examples of affected animals include elephants in Mali, lions in Serengeti and crocodiles in Malawi. The report says about 20～30 percent of plant and animal species will be at higher risk of extinction due to global warming and a significant number of local species may disappear by 2050 as a consequence. Other consequences could include the spread of invasive species and infectious diseases, it said. The report urges more focus on restoration of damaged ecosystems, especially those key to dealing with climate change such as inland waters, forests and grasslands. The UNFAO also called for the creation of movement channels for animals in areas where their movement was affected. The organization said while more resources (资源) were flowing to biodiversity conservation, more action at the government and policy level