大肠癌的表观遗传学研究进展.pdfVIP

中国细胞生物学学报 Chinese Journal of Cell Biology 2013, 35(7): 1049– 1057 http ://www.cj DOI: 10.11844/cj cb.2013.07.0033 大肠癌的表观遗传学研究进展 1 2* 1 1 陈 成 叶 孟 段世伟 廖 奇 1 2 ( 宁波大学医学院, 宁波3152 11; 宁波大学医学院附属医院肿瘤内科, 宁波315000) 摘要 大肠癌是一种高发的胃肠道恶性肿瘤, 预后不良。目前, 认为大肠癌的发生过程是涉及 遗传学和表观遗传学变化的复杂过程, 其中表观遗传学的过程对大肠癌的发生起着重要的作用。表观 遗传学改变主要包括DNA 甲基化、组蛋白转录后修饰、染色质重塑以及非编码RNAs(如microRNAs 和lncRNAs)的调控。因此, 从分子水平上了解这些表观遗传学的改变, 可以为大肠癌的预防、早期诊断、 预后以及治疗提供帮助, 最终降低大肠癌的死亡率。该文主要讲述了大肠癌发生过程中重要表观遗 传学改变的研究进展以及临床意义, 目的在于探讨表观遗传学在大肠癌早期诊断及治疗中的意义。 关键词 大肠癌; 表观遗传学; DNA 甲基化; 组蛋白修饰; 非编码RNA Recent Progress in Epigenetics Study of Colorectal Cancer 1 2 * 1 1 Chen Cheng , Ye Meng , Duan Shiwei , Liao Qi 1 2 ( School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China) Abstract Colorectal cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers with high incidence and poor prognosis. It is generally considered that the pathophysiology of colorectal cancer is a complex multi- step process involving the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes. The main epigenetic aberrations include DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs regulation such as microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Epigenetic study at molecular level would help to prevent, diagnose, and therapy of colorectal cancer, and finally to reduce mortality. In this review, we will talk about discovered epigenetic chang