高考英语二轮完形填空考点解析议论文一一.docVIP

二轮专题复习—完形填空 （议论文） 一、命题研究 议论文是一种通过剖析事物，论述事理，发表见解的文体。议论型完形填空分为两种，一种是夹叙夹议型的完形填空，另一种是纯议论型的完形填空。第一种的基本模式是：叙述事件，提出感情，做出结论。第二种的基本模式是：提出论点，列举论据，提出看法。这种完形填空都有以下特点： 1．首句制胜，论点明确议论型完形填空绝大多数都把文章主旨句作为首句。作者一般在这句话中提出论点，然后在各段的首句提出分论点。 2．结构清晰，脉络有序议论型完形填空的三要素：论点、论据和论证。它们一般有序地安排在引子、正文、结论使文章脉络清楚，逻辑流畅，会使用一些连接词。如：on the contrary，all ，n short， generally。worse still，n the other hand，in conclusion，as a consequence，hence，also，personally，furthermoredefinitely，surely，undoubtedly，obviously，additionally，besides，likewise，for the sake f，firstly等。 3．按一定的方法论证议论型完形填空都是按一定的论证方法来论证的。常用的论证方法有：归纳法(分析个别事物，达到共同点，得出结论)；推理法(从原理出发，个别分析说明，得出结论)；对照法(正反对照，分析说明，得出结论)；驳论法(阐述错误观点，逐条批驳，阐明观点)。 一般情况下，完形填空短文都不给标题，不容易把握文章的主题和大意。但短文首句通常不设空格，这就为我们窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口，而尾句往往是文章的总结，结论和点睛之笔，所以抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是必要的。 2．精读短文析文章 1．多掌握一些固定搭配，包括固定 2．词语辨析，表面上是语境中词语的语意选择，其实是考查词汇的运用能力。 3．熟练的语法知识。尽管近年来单纯考查语法知识的题目很少，但熟练的语法知识不但可以有助于快速理解文章的句子结构和大意，对解题也很有帮助。 4．注意培养结合全文结构和中心思想，根据常识和上下文提供的信息进行理解，分析和推理能力。 5．要加强对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系、对比关系等，以及对转换词语的运用能力的培养。 6．要学（1）One spring afternoon five years ago, Jimmy was crying in the hall of Taipei’s Sherwood Hotel. Life seemed __1__. The people who laughed as they walked past were taking their __2__ for granted, just as he __3__ himself. Now, however, he felt __4__ — and he couldn’t even __5__ this disappointment in his painting. Seeking more personally satisfying __6__, he had just left a successful career as a commercial artist when it seemed that fate played a cruel __7__ on him. It was at this time that he developed cancer and was __8__ to work. But that moment in the hotel was a turning point for Jimmy. He began to __9__ that there is no such thing as fate, only __10__. Since then, he has published several imaginative, illustrated(带插图的)books. According to Jimmy, you are what you choose to be. You can __11__ or you can work to be a happier person. Jimmy realized that, while the world __12__ seems unfair, your choice can change your life. This __13__ can be found in