外商直接投资在捷克汽车产业中所起的作用外文翻译.docVIP

本科毕业论文外文翻译 外文题目： The Role of FDI in the Czech Automotive Industry 出 处： A Successful Transformation ，Contributions of Economics，2008，185-209 Petr Pavlínek 原 文： The Role of FDI in the Czech Automotive Industry The role of FDI has been considered to be critical in the post-socialist economic development of CEE (e.g. Dunning 1993:25; Ozawa 2000:xii; Lankes and Stern 1997:1) because FDI is viewed as an “engine of development” (Csáki 1995:112), a vehicle of economic modernization and a driving force of productivity development (Hunya 2000:8, 12). Some commentators even consider FDI to be a “ship of riches that will ensure economic prosperity” (Kojima 2001:22). By the late 1990s, it has become a cliché in CEE to consider the role of foreign capital to be superior to that of domestic capital in enterprise restructuring. This positive view of FDI resulted at least partly from failure of domestic privatization schemes to generate strategic restructuring at the enterprise level in countries such as Czechia and Slovakia.1 It seems, however, that such views tend to exaggerate the actual effects of FDI in CEE and its role in the post-1989 economic transformation, because the overall volumes of FDI in CEE remain low when compared to other world regions.2 The generally assumed superior performance of enterprises with foreign capital compared to domestic enterprises has been very difficult to verify empirically with the exception of manufacturing (Szanyi 2000:76). It is also important to keep in mind that effects of FDI in CEE have been geographically and sectorally very uneven (e.g. Pavlínek and Smith 1998; Pavlínek 2002a, 2002b) and that FDI does not necessarily lead to automatic economic success in the foreign invested enterprises (FIEs – joint ventures and foreign-owned companies). Indeed, the research on FDI in CEE points towards a large diversity of FIEs in all possible respects and, c