英国城市垃圾管理从公共服务到全球化的产业外文翻译.docVIP

外文翻译 原文 UK Municipal Waste Management: From a Public Service to a Globalised Industry Material Source: School of Social Sciences,Cardiff University Author: STEVE DAVIES The UK’s municipal waste management service has been transformed from a service owned and provided by local government into one increasingly provided by large multinational companies.A series of political decisions laid the basis for this,beginning with the programme of deregulation,contracting out and privatisation introduced by the Conservative governments of the 1980s.The process has continued under New Labour with the cumulative result that a new market in municipal waste exists today.Its development has also influenced the shape of the already existing wider waste management market,with the result that this too has seen a process of concentration.Having broken up a vertically integrated sector under municipal ownership,this reformation of the municipal waste market appears to be heading for a vertical reintegration of the sector on the basis of private sector ownership. KEY WORDS United Kingdom,Waste management,Privatization,Municipal services,Globalization,concentration。 Introduction In the UK,municipal waste management is a service that gets very little public attention until something goes wrong.When that happens,pictures of piles of rubbish in the streets act as media shorthand for the collapse of government control and the descent into chaos (such as during the‘Winter of Discontent’that preceded the fall of the Callaghan government and the election of Mrs Thatcher’s Conservatives). This article argues that the connection between municipal waste management and politics is not just as an episodic indicator of social disorder.Particularly over the last 20 years,politics has played a critical role in changing the structure,actors and priorities of the sector.A series of political decisions laid the basis for the reshaping of municipal waste management in the UK from a sector almost completely