汉语暗示言语行为研究.pdf

摘 要 本文从语用学角度研究了汉语暗示言语行为。暗示是一种常见的语言现象，是一种典 型的间接言语行为，和其他间接言语行为比较，有其自身的特点。 在综述前人文献的基础上我们发现，国外文献所说的hinting 以及国内外语界某些文 献所说的暗示过于宽泛，基本上只是一些间接言语行为，本文所研究的暗示是符合讲汉语 人语感的狭义的暗示，本文把这种暗示定义为：说话人出于不想承担责任、害怕碰壁、害 怕严重受挫等原因，以隐晦含蓄的语言使听话人领会自己意图的间接言语行为。在此基础 上，本文简述了汉语暗示与其他相近间接言语行为、与婉说以及影射的区别。 为了深入认识汉语暗示的本质及其与非暗示的区别，本文具体分析了汉语暗示的常见 内容，它们是：男女情爱方面的内容；贿赂方面的内容；外交谈判中的某些内容；其他敏 感的内容。这些分析有助于我们更好地理解暗示的产生原因以及暗示与非暗示的区别。 本文运用语用策略理论深入分析了汉语暗示中的几种常用策略，它们是：比喻策略； 把对方当作第三者策略；以泛指代确指策略；巧用预设策略；否定一方肯定另一方等策略。 研究发现，汉语的暗示比国外语用学中的hinting 范围要窄得多，它一般用于表达说话 人不想承担责任、害怕碰壁、害怕严重受挫的情况下，是一种经常使用而功效明显的言语 行为，其具体实施策略也是比较丰富的。 关键词：暗示 言语行为 暗示的内容 策略 Abstract This thesis studies the speech act of hinting from the angle of pragmatics. The speech act of hinting is a common language phenomenon and belongs to one kind of typical indirect speech act. Compared with other indirect speech act, it has distinguishing characteristic. On the basis of summarizing the documents of forefathers, we find that the hinting being discussed in documents of foreign country and internal field of foreign language is too widely. Just belongs to indirect speech act. The hinting which the paper wants to study conforms to the habit of Chinese speaking and is not so widely. We give this kind of hinting a definition: because of the reason that the speakers do not want to take responsibility or to be foiled, using the obscure language carries out the indirect speech act to let the listener to grasp. On the basis of this, the paper differentiates the hinting and other indirect speech act such as euphemistic and innuendo speech act. In order to further understand what is hinting and what is not hinting, the paper studies the contents which are common in the speech act of hinting . They are: the content about the love of men and w