文献综述-秸秆粉碎机的发展现状及趋势.docVIP

河北科技师范学院 本科毕业设计文献综述 秸秆粉碎机的发展现状及趋势 院（系、部）名 称 ： 机电工程学院 专 业 名 称：机械设计制造及其自动化 学 生 姓 名： 吴磊 学 生 学 号：0452100409 指 导 教 师：文赫岩 2011年 12 月 20 日 河北科技师范学院教务处秸秆粉碎机的发展现状及趋势 摘要：秸秆粉碎机是一种利用机械传动来传递能量,以实现秸秆粉碎还田的生产过程。秸秆粉碎机主要应用在玉米秸秆粉碎还田的生产过程中。国内秸秆粉碎机的技术水平达到了国际中等或较先进水平，但在一些技术含量较高的粉碎机中，某些关键技术，还要通过与国内外的企业或研究单位合作。目前，我国的秸秆开发利用主要是从三个方面来进行的：一是秸秆还田，包括整株还田和粉碎还田两种：二是作为家畜饲料，包括直接饲喂、粉碎饲喂及氨化、青贮、微贮等处理后饲喂；三是作为相关工业原料利用，如用于造纸、制炭、编织等。据统计，我国目前秸秆年产量约为6.2亿吨，利用率仅为33％，约2亿吨，而在这被利用的部分中，大部分未经处理，经过技术处理后利用的约为1600万吨，仅占被利用部分的2.6％。一方面，土壤有机质含量在逐年减少；另一方面，大量的农作物秸秆被弃之不用，放火焚烧，既造成浪费又污染环境。把多余的秸秆还到农田中去，是解决这个问题的有效途径。 关键字：粉碎机、技术水平、应用、发展趋势 关键词 变速箱；秸秆粉碎机；甩刀；结构及工作原理 Abstract The straw pulverizer is a method of using a mechanical transmission to transmit energy, to achieve the smashed straw production process. The straw pulverizer mainly used in corn stalk crushing and returning to field production process. Domestic straw crusher technical level reached the international advanced level of medium or lower, but in some high technology content of the pulverizer, some key technologies, but also by domestic and foreign enterprises or research unit cooperation. At present, our country straw utilization is mainly from three aspects: one is to include the entire plant straw, returning and crushing and returning to field two: two is used as livestock feed, including direct feeding, crushing feeding and ammoniation, silage, silage, feeding treated; three is used as industrial raw material utilization, such as used in paper making, charcoal making, weaving etc.. According to statistics, Chinas current annual output of about 6.2tons of straw, the utilization rate of only 33%, about 2tons, and in this use of section, the majority of untreated, after treatment and utilization of aboutons, only used part of the 2.6%. On one hand, the content of soil organic matter decreased year by year; on the other hand, many crop straw to be abandoned, set on fire, cau