毕业论文--步进电机指针式仪表设计.doc

摘 要 汽车仪表是指示车辆信息的重要窗口，对汽车的行驶安全具有重要的作用。本课题所研制的步进电机指针式仪表主要是针对城市公交车。 本文分析了城市公交车组合仪表系统的主要功能，并根据这些功能制定了组合仪表的总体设计方案。在硬件设计中，使用两片Freescale公司的MC9S12HZ256微控制器作为控制核心。仪表中使用了7个步进电机来指示车辆的信息；同时使用液晶显示模块来显示城市公交车运行中的里程数；仪表接入整车CAN网络，使车辆的数据实时显示在仪表中。在控制软件设计中，使用了MC9S12HZ256的步进电机失步检测模块对步进电机进行归零操作，使步进电机更快的回到零刻度点；系统对脉冲量和模拟量采样采用了数字滤波法，使获得的采样信息更为准确可靠。在仪表系统调试方面，使用组合仪表与硬件在环仿真系统和整车控制器组成CAN网络对组合仪表CAN总线功能进行调试，调试结果表明步进电机指针式指示准确，CAN网络工作正常。 本课题研制的城市公交车组合仪表具有很好的兼容性，通过适当的修改就可作为其它类型客车的仪表使用。 关键词：汽车仪表；步进电机；CAN总线  Abstract Automotive instrument is an important interface to display the information of the vehicle, which is of great importance to the safe driving. In this paper the stepper motor pointers instrument that is developed is a new instrument developed mainly for city bus. The paper analyzes the main function of city the hybrid bus instrument system, which that the overall design of the instrument is made is based on. In the hardware design, two Freescale MC9S12HZ256 micro-controllers are used as the control core. Seven stepper motors are used to display the information of the vehicle. An LCD module is used to display the ???. the vehicle is linked into the CAN bus,which makes that the instrument can communicate with the vehicle control information available. In the software design, Stepper Stall Detector module of MC9S12HZ256 is used to make the stepper motor return to zero faster, more accurately. The digital filtering method is used in pulse sampling and analog sampling, so that the information obtained by sampling is more accurate and reliable. In the instrument system debugging, the instrument, the hardware-in-loop simulation system and the Vehicle Control Unit are composed of the CAN bus network by which the CAN function of the instrument is debugged . The debugging results show that the stepper motor pointers indicate accurately and the CAN network works well. The instrument that is developed in the subject has a good compatibility,which means that it can be used in other buses by amend