次锕系元素和稀土元素分离研究进展.pdfVIP

中国科技论文在线    次锕系元素和稀土元素分离研究进展 1 1 1,2 薛文静 ，张安运 ，柴之芳 (1. 浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学系，杭州310027； 2. 中科院高能物理研究所，北京100049) 摘要：在乏燃料后处理及高放废液有效分离中，液液溶剂萃取是研究最多的一种实验与工程 化手段。以此为基础综述了近20 余年来从高放废液中有效分离次锕系元素和稀土元素的研 究进展，评价了基于软、硬配体萃取剂为功能试剂提出的若干溶剂萃取流程如TRUEX 流程、 DIAMEX 流程、TRPO 流程、DIDPA 流程、SANEX 流程和TALSPEAK 流程等；比较了以 新材料、新技术和新方法为手段的液膜法、离子交换法和萃取色谱法等在次锕系元素和稀土 元素分离领域的基础研究特性和研究进展；萃取色谱法兼具溶剂萃取和离子交换法的优点， 各种新颖的萃取色谱材料已成为高放废液中有效分离次锕系元素和稀土元素引人关注的研 究方向。 关键词：萃取分离；锕系元素；镧系元素；高放废液 中图分类号：O69 文献标志码：A Advances in partitioning of minor actinides and rare earths from high level liquid waster 1 1 1,2 Xue Wenjing , Zhang Anyun , Chai Zhifang (1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;2. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China) Abstract: Liquid-liquid solvent extraction is one of the most commonly used means in experiment and engineering for reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel and effective separation of high level radioactive waste. Research advances of effective separation of minor actinides and rare earths from high level liquid waste (HLLW) in recent 20 years have been reviewed. Based on the soft- and hard-ligands, several solvent extraction processes such as TRUEX, DIAMEX, TRPO, DIDPA, SANEX, TALSPEAK and so on have been evaluated. Some new technologies and new methods such as liquid membrane extraction, ion exchange, and extraction chromatography etc. have been discussed. Since extraction chromatography has the advantages