农林大学本科毕业设计说明书-地沟油加氢催化裂解法生产生物柴油工厂设计.doc

地沟油加氢催化裂解法生产生物柴油工厂设计 目 录 前言 设计任务书 1项目可行性研究·················································4 1.1项目简介·····················································4 1.2产品的用途和市场前景研究分析·································5 1.3工艺方案选择及论证···········································6 1.4主要技术经济指标分析·········································8 2工艺流程设计及化工计算·········································10 2.1绘制带控制点工艺流程图·······································10 2.2编制物料平衡计算书···········································10 2.3编制热量平衡计算书···········································12 3设备选型及典型设备设计·········································16 3.1精馏塔工艺设计计算说明书·····································16 3.2换热器工艺设计计算说明书·····································30 3.3设备一览表···················································37 4车间设备布置图·················································38 4.1设计原理·····················································38 4.2设备布置图内容···············································38 4.3绘图方法与步骤···············································39 4.4设备布置图的标注·············································39 5工厂总平面布置设计··············································41 5.1总平面设计的原则··············································41 5.2设计思路说明··················································41 参考文献 附图及心得 前言 随着社会的发展和进步，物质、能源的消耗愈来愈多，渐渐处于供不应求的状况，这就需要我们创造更多的资源和可能，如能实现原料-废料-原料的最大限度循环利用，如此就能节省大量的原料资源，又可以减轻废弃物对环境的污染。特别是，在交通工具发达的现在，单单紧靠不可再生的石油来维持是远远不够的，所以急切需要生物质能源来制造生物柴油、汽油等。而能够利用各种废弃油脂，尤其是大量废弃食用油。废弃油脂是近期可依赖的重要资源，依据我国人民的饮食习惯，每年需要大量的食用油。我国目前食用油消费量约为2500万吨／年 ( 包括动物油脂 ) ，并且每年还在不断增加，估计每年废弃食用油的数量大约在375~625万吨。 因此利用可用资源废油脂设计生产工艺，我们运用《化工厂设计》这门知识能较好地完成任务。课程设计是本课程教学中综合性和实践性很强的环节，是理论联系实际的桥梁。通过课程设计，要求学生能综合运用本课程和前修课程的基本知识，进行融会贯通、独立思考，在规定的时间内完成指定的化工单元操作的设计任务，从而得到化工工程设计的初步训练。通过课程设计，要求学生了解工程设计的基本内容，掌握化工设计的程序和方法，培养学生分析和决工程实际问题的能力。 此次设计主要完成设计方案的设计工艺流程的选择、物料和热量衡算、生产车间各设备的工艺计算、各设备和换热器的主要尺寸的计算、辅助设备的设计，绘制工艺流程图，固定床反应器，高、低压分离器，精馏塔等主要设备的设计。研究生物柴油生产的开车、停车、生产等操作。 设计任务书 （一）设计项目：地沟油加氢催化裂解法生产生物柴油工厂设计 （二）设计条件 1.原料规格： 原料为选定城市生产的废油脂，先期采用过滤、漂白和脱臭等处理措施，含水量低于3%，