岩石超声谐波特征及其随应力的变化 Ultrasonic harmonic characteristic in rock and its variation with stress.pdfVIP

1673-5005(2013)03-0050-07 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.2013.03.008 岩石超声谐波特征及其随应力的变化 郭志伟1,葛洪魁2,谢凡1,张金伟1,刘政一1 1.中国地震局地球物理研究所地震观测与地球物理成像重点实验室,北京100081 2.中国石油大学非常规天然气研究院，北京102249 摘要：岩石具有较强的非均质性和强衰减特性，谐波测量的难度较大。建立超声谐波测试实验系统，采用单频脉冲 串(toneburst)激发、门控放大、脉冲反转和叠加等增强二次及高次谐波，研究岩石超声谐波的发育与振幅特征，定义 名义非线性系数，分析单轴应力下岩石超声谐波及名义非线性系数随应力的变化。结果表明，超声谐波包含了丰富 的岩石内部结构信息，表征了岩石的非线性特性，利用先进的仪器系统，采用谐波强化技术，可有效地获得岩石的超 声谐波及其振幅，进行岩石非线性特性、微结构变化与损伤演化的监测。 地球物理学；岩石物理；岩石特性；超声谐波；应力；非线性系数；脉冲反转 P313.1 A Ultrasonicharmoniccharacteristicinrockanditsvariationwithstress GUOZhi-wei1,GEHong-kui2,XIEFan1 ZHANGJin-wei1,LIUZheng-yi1 1.KeyLaboratoryofSeismicObservationandGeophysicalImaging,InstituteofGeophysics, ChinaEarthquakeAdministration,Beijing100081,China 2.UnconventionalNaturalGasInstituteinChinaUniversityofPetroleum,Beijing102249,China Abstract:Thestrongheterogeneityandstrongattenuationinrocksmakeultrasonicharmonicmeasurementmoredifficult.An experimentalsystemforobservingtheultrasonicharmonicwasestablished.Themeasurementresolutionofhighharmonic waveswasimprovedthroughthetoneburstexcitation,highpowergatedamplifier,pulseinversiontechniqueandstacksof manyrepeatedmeasurements.Thegrowthandintensityofultrasonicharmonicwaveswerediscussed,thenominalnonlinear coefficientwasdefined,andthevariationsofharmoniccharacteristicsandthenominalnonlinearcoefficientwithstressin rockswereinvestigated.Theresultsshowthatultrasonicharmonicincludestheabundantinformationonrockinternalstruc ture,andrepresentsthenonlinearityoftherocks.Bytheadvancedinstrtmentsandharmonicreinforcementtechniques,ul trasonicharmonicanditsamplititudecanbeeffectivelymeasured,andthe