高考专题【优化指导】2014高考英语总复习语法突破第8节定语从句课件新人教版.pptVIP

【命题分析】 定语从句的结构和用法比较复杂，是高中阶段英语学习的一个重点，也是历年高考的热点。命题者常把重点放在对基本的关系代词和关系副词的考查上，尤其要注意关系词whose，where，when在定语从句中的用法。另外，which和as引导的非限制性定语从句也是命题的热点。 【名师精讲】 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 如： He is a good teacher who is loved by all. 他是一个受大家爱戴的好老师。 Here is the man(whom)you are looking for. 这就是你在找的人。 I saw some trees whose leaves were black with diseases. ＝I saw some trees the leaves of which were black with diseases. 我看见了一些叶子病得发黑了的树。 The film(which/that)we saw last night is wonderful. 昨天晚上我们看的那部电影很精彩。 Is she the girl that sells flowers? 她就是那个卖花的女孩吗？ She has been absent again，as is expected. 她又缺席了，这在预料之中。 二、关系代词that和which的区别 如： There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world. 对他来说世界上好像没有不可能的事。 Who is the man that is reading a newspaper over there? 在那边看报的那个男子是谁呀？ My house，which I bought last year，has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。 The reason for which he refused the invitation is not clear. 他拒绝邀请的原因不清楚。 三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 1．介词＋关系代词中介词的宾语只能是which或whom。如： The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. 你昨天告诉我的那位绅士证实是一个小偷。 In the dark street，there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help. 在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。 2．当复合介词短语＋which引导定语从句时，这种定语从句常与先行词用逗号隔开，从句用倒装语序。如： He lived in a big house，in front of which stood a big tall tree.他住在一所大房子里，房前有一棵大树。 3．of＋which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose)如： Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(＝whose price)was very reasonable. 最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。 其中关系代词as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。如： We have found such materials as are used in their factory. 我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。(as作主语) These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected. (as作宾语)这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。 He is not the same man as he was. 他和过去不同了。(as作表语) 注意：(1)such...as...(定语从句)像……那样的。 (2)such...that...(状语从句)如此……以至于……。如： This is such an easy question as I can answer.(定语从句) 这是一个我能回答的简单问题。 This is such an easy question that I can answer it.(状语从句) 这是个如此简单的问题，以至于我能回答它。 五、as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 如： As we know，the Great Wall is a famous place. 众所周知，长城是个著名的景点。 The sun