中日理科课程比较研究.docVIP

中日理科课程比较研究 ——以初中化学课程内容为例 目录： 中文摘要 英文摘要 绪论 中日理科课程设置的比较 中日初中化学课程标准比较 中日初中化学教科书比较 启示与启发 摘 要 日本在当今国际上已经被公认经济和科技大国对中学理科进行探究课程改革试点实验阶段。基础教育课程改革纲要(试行)特别有关化学学科的内容，从教科书的组织、选择与应用等方面进行对比。 Abstract Nowadays Japan is regarded as an international economic and technological power. The Japanese government’s emphasis, investment and research on education are worthy of our study in many areas. The purpose of the paper is to explore the existing Chinese and Japanese secondary school science education materials, including their background, science curriculum standards and implementation. I try to seek the aspects we can learn from particularly on the contents, organization, selection and application of chemistry teaching. The study process of the paper includes: making research plans, carrying out the literature survey, writing the research reports. With the above procedure of research, analysis and discussion, the following conclusions are formed. First, the basis to ensure the direction of education is to establish clear laws and regulations on education. Second, in order to fit the development of times, education reform is imperative. Third, the application of a variety of teaching materials has promoted the perfection of the curriculum standards. Key words: education law, curriculum reform, curriculum standards 绪 论 一、研究背景 2006年，IMD（International Institution for Management Development——瑞士洛桑国际管理发展学院）公布的《世界竞争力年鉴》将日本的国际竞争力排名从2005年的21位提升至17位；WEF（World Economic Forum——日内瓦的“世界经济论坛”）的《世界竞争力报告》也将日本的国际竞争力排名从去年的10位提升至7位，该报告认为，日本是技术创新的领导者，是全世界竞争力最强的国家之。毋庸置疑，日本在当今国际上已经被公认经济和科技大国。日本之所以在世界上取得如此的竞争地位，有诸多方面的因素，其中发展教育一条重要因素。自上世纪80年代，日本首相设立临时审议会，经过多方调查研究，确立了21世纪教育改革的目标和原则，其中一项重要举措：加强理科教育，重视实验和观察，让学生体会到科学探索和创造的乐趣。2月15日，日本文部科学省公布了学校教育法实施规则和最新修订的中小学《学习指导要领》。新指导要领增加了中小学数学、科学等核心科目的课时科学的课时增长了33%从世界范围的学生学业成就评价来看，IEA（International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement——国际教育成就评价协会）主持的国际数学和科学教育评价（简称TIMSS——Third International Math and Science Study）和OECD（Organisation for Economic Co-operat