2014届高考英语考前知识大清理18.docVIP

2014高考英语考前知识大清理18 I. 语法复习：　不定式 1. 不定式的基本特征： 主动的，表将来的，表目的． 2. 不定式做主语时，谓语动词怎样在人称与数方面保持一致． 3. 可以用不定式做宾语的动词：want , like , wish, hate, prefer, hope, continue, manage, try, ask, offer, start, forget, promise, mean, pretend,begin, decide, learn, agree, expect等． 4. 可以用wh-＋不定式做宾语的动词． ask, decide, explain, forget, know, learn, remember, see, tell, show, teach, discuss, wonder, advise 等． 5. 不定式做宾补的注意事项：　A) 使役动词后的宾补． B)感官动词后的宾补． 6. 不定式作定语时应注意的事项：　A)不定式的主动式或被动式的选择． B)与被修饰词的逻辑关系． 7. 不定式作状语．　A) in order to so as to (表目的) B) be glad to do sth. (表原因，注意该句型的形容词)　C)only to do sth. (表结果，多数有only在前．) 8. … too… to… 与 … enough to do sth. 的转换问题． 9. 是不是凡是too… to… 结构都能译成“太．．．而不能．．．”？ 10. 省略不定式符号的几种情况：　A) 感官动词，使役动词后的宾补中． B)help后作宾语或宾补中． C) had better , would rather, would sooner, rather than 后． D) but, except 位于do + anything(nothing, everything)后． 　E) 由and , or 连接两个不定式，第二个不定式前可省略． II. 句型复习： Fish sleep when their eyes are open. = Fish sleep , with their eyes open. The teacher felt sad because so many pupils had gone away. = with so many pupils away, the teacher felt sad. The mayor of New York stood and he had a hat on his head. = The mayor of New York stood , with a hat on his head. III.词汇：A. 常用动词用法 (18) call sb. 叫(喊)某人, 给某人打电话 call sb. + 名词 sb. + adj. 说．．．是．．．，　认为．．． call attention to 　引起对．．．的注意 call away　　　　叫走了 　　　　call back 回电话；叫回去 call for 要求、号召、约请 call in 招集、招来,找来；请来；收回 call names　　　 骂（人）　 　　　　call on (upon) sb. = call at sb’s house ．．．　　拜望，去会（某人） 　call on (upon) sb. to do sth. 叫（请）某人作某事；号召；要求；呼吁 call at ( a place ) 访问（某地） call on 拜访、访问 call out to sb. = shout at sb. 向某人吼（叫喊） call up　　给某人打电话；　叫．．．起床 n．　pay (make) a call on sb.　　　　　访问某人 =pay a visit to sb. give sb. a call = male a calltosb. 给．．．打电话 on call 随叫随到，　随时可用 B. 短语记忆：　 service to 服务,贡献skill at 技巧,熟练 solution to ...的解决办法 sorrow at/for/over 悲哀,悲痛 sympathy for 对