The renaissance 英国文学史及选读课件.ppt

The Early Modern Period （15th-mid17th century） English Renaissance （1） (16th—mid 17th century) Historical background Socially The Hundred Years” War (1337-1453) between France and England Historical background Socially 2. The Wars of the Roses (1455-1485) between the houses of York (white rose emblem) and Lancaster ( red rose) for possession of the throne; Henry VII of Lancaster, married the daughter of Edward IV, completed the self-destruction of nobles as a ruling class Henry VII (1485-1509) founded the Tudor dynasty which was a centralized monarchy and met the needs of the rising bourgeoisie and so won its support. Historical background Socially 4. Agricultural→manufacturing+trade Land Enclosure 圈地运动; “citizens”, “g(u)ilds” Historical background Socially 7. Royalty the Tudors(都铎）: Henry VII unified England （not Scotland and Ireland） Henry VIII (1509-1547) Mary (1553-58) Elizabeth (1558-1603) Historical background Socially 7. Royalty the Stuarts: James I (1603-1685) James II (1685-88) William and Mary (1688-1702) Historical background Socially 5.. Henry VIII started the movement Reformation, Declaring the separation from the Roman Catholic Church, implementing a large-scale suppression of the monasteries and confiscating(充公) the property of the Church to enrich the new bourgeois. while his daughter Queen Mary carried out Counter-Reformation movement, caused the bloody persecution. The reign of Elizabeth I (1558-1603) was a period of political and religious stability and economic prosperity. The rise of the bourgeoisie also showed its influence in the sphere of cultural life. Historical background Ideologically 1. Copernicus (1473-1543, Polish astronomer) and German Johannes Kepler about the