城乡收入差距_基于农村大学生和农民工视角分析.pdfVIP

9 4 ( ) V o l. 9, N o. 4 2010 12 Journa l o f Jiangx i A gricu ltura lU niversity D ec. , 2010 1671- 652 3( 2010) 04 - 0029 - 05 陈 培 勇 ( 华南农业大学 经济管理学院, 广东 广州 510 642) 农村培养大学生进城导致农村资金和人才的/ 双重流 0, 各种教育成本使得大多数农村家庭丧 了投 资和扩大再生产的能力, 减少了农业生产的资本投入量, 影响农民收入; 农民工进城实现劳动力由生产效率低 的农业部门向生产率较高的非农部门转移, 促进了经济增长, 缩小城乡收入差距, 但其效果并没有如经济理论 所预期的那么显著其原因在于各种制度性壁垒和人力资本壁垒, 抑制阻碍了农民工在城乡之间自由的流 动所以, 要缩小城乡收入差距, 应该不断改革和完善当前 衡的教育管理制度和农民工流动的各种制度性壁 垒, 以及提高农民工自身素质和能力 城乡收入差距; 农村大学生; 农民工 F 061. 5 A Urban-Rural Income Gap: From the Perspective ofM igrantW orkers and College tudents from the Countryside CHEN Pe-i yong ( Institute of Econom ics and M anagem ent, South Ch ina A g ricu ltura l U niversity, Guangzhou 510642, Ch ina) Abstract: U niversity students in rural areas cau sed f inanc ial and hum an resources in rura l areas / D ouble drain0. M eanw h ile, cost o f edu cation m akes m any hom es lose the ir cap ac ity to invest and expand reprodu ction so that cap ita l investm ent in agricu ltural product ion has decreased, redu c ing farm ers. incom e. M igrant w ork- ers are tran sferring the ir labor from low produ ctiv ity agricu ltural secto r to the non - ag ricultural sector o f higher produ ct iv ity. T his transfer has prom oted econom ic grow th and br idged the urban - rural incom e gap. H ow ever, the effect is not so sign ificant as expected by econom ic theo ries du e to variou s in st itutional and hum an cap ita l barriers w hich inhibit and ham pering m igran t workers from flow ing free ly betw een urb an and rural areas. Therefore, to further narrow the urban - rural incom e gap, it is urgent to re form and mi