过程动态学与控制的概论及模型.pptVIP

成功的过程控制工程师： ? 熟知控制对象的工艺流程 ? 能够从工艺问题中抽提出控制问题 ? 综合应用工程知识 ? 通过实施控制工程项目使生产企业得到经济效益的提升 ? 成为不可或缺的角色 Distillation is the most common form of separation technology used in petroleum refineries, petrochemical and chemical plants and natural gas processing plants. In most cases, the distillation is operated at a continuous steady state. New feed is always being added to the distillation column and products are always being removed. Unless the process is disturbed due to changes in feed, heat, ambient temperature, or condensing, the amount of feed being added and the amount of product being removed are normally equal. This is known as continuous, steady-state fractional distillation. Industrial distillation is typically performed in large, vertical cylindrical columns known as distillation or fractionation towers or distillation columns with diameters ranging from about 65 centimetres to 6 metres and heights ranging from about 6 metres to 60 metres or more. The distillation towers have liquid outlets at intervals up the column which allow for the withdrawal of different fractions or products having different boiling points or boiling ranges. By increasing the temperature of the product inside the columns, the different hydrocarbons are separated. The lightest products (those with the lowest boiling point) exit from the top of the columns and the heaviest products (those with the highest boiling point) exit from the bottom of the column. * 第一讲 概 论 本课程内容： （一）术语和概念 目的：了解工业过程的动力学知识和控制技术 内容：过程的动态与稳态；质量、能量平衡；过程控制 系统的概念；开环与闭环；工程控制系统的构造 （二） 知识驱动的动态数学模型(机理模型)及其应用 目的：掌握建立过程机理模型的一般方法 内容：以传热（简单过程）和反应（复杂过程）为例， 介绍动态建模的思想和步骤；微分方程的数值 求解法Runge-Kutta；参数优化的Simplex；基于 机理模型的前馈-反馈控制 ? （三） 数据驱动的过程动态数学模型 目的：了解数据驱动建模方法的实质 内容：将工程问题表述为ANN问题的技巧；动态数 据库的建立和更新；应用举例(复杂生物制药 过程的状态软预报) （四） 先进过程控制 目的：掌握先进过程控制的核心方法 内容：重点介绍模型预测控制MPC和动态矩阵 控制DMC （五） 统计