专业汽车英语.docVIP

专业汽车英语｛维修车必懂知识｝ 专业英语——Engine Terms（发动机术语） Engine Terms（发动机术语） TDC(top dead center) ― the position of the crank and piston when the piston is farther away from the crankshaft. TDC (上止点) - 当活塞离曲轴最远时，曲柄和活塞的位置。 BDC (bottom dead center) ― the position of the crank and piston when the piston is nearest to the crankshaft. BDC (下止点) - 当活塞离曲轴最近时，曲柄和活塞的位置。 stroke ― the distance between BDC and TDC; stroke is controlled by the crankshaft. 行程 - 下止点和上止点之间的距离；行程由曲轴控制。 bore ― the internal diameter of the cylinder. 缸径 - 汽缸的内径。 swept volume ― the volume between TDC and BDC. 有效容积 - 上止点和下止点之间的体积。 engine capacity ― this is the swept volume of all the cylinders, e.g. a four-cylinder engine having a capacity of two liters (2000 cm3) has a cylinder swept volume of 500 cm3. 发动机排量 - 这是全部汽缸的有效容积，例如一台排量为两公升(2000 cm3)的4个汽缸的发动机每一个汽缸的有效容积为500 cm3。 clearance volume ― the volume of the space above the piston when it is at TDC. 间隙容积 – 当活塞位于上止点时，活塞顶上面的气缸空间。 compression ratio = (swept vol + clearance vol)/(clearance vol) 压缩比 = ( 有效容积 + 间隙容积 ) / ( 间隙容积 ) two-stroke ― a power stroke every revolution of the crank. 二冲程 – 曲柄旋转一圈作功一次。 four-stroke ― a power stroke every other revolution of the crank. 四冲程 - 曲柄旋转两圈作功一次。 汽车专业英语——Valve System（配气机构）Valve System（配气机构）Inlet Valve Timing（进气配气定时） If the inlet valve opened at TDC of the intake stroke and closed at BDC of that stroke, it would have a duration of 180°.It would have remained open for half of a complete 360° revolution, or 180°. However, it takes some time for the valve to open to its full position. It also takes time for it to close tightly. Therefore the valve is opened before TDC (BTDC) and closed after BDC (ABDC). 如果进口门在进气行程的上止点打开并且在这次行程的下止点关闭，它将有180°的开度。气门在180°转角内完全打开。然而气门达到全开位置需要一定时间，完全关闭也需要一定时间。因此阀门在上止点(BTDC)之前被打开，在下止点(ABDC)之后关闭。 Exhaust Valve Timing（排气配气定时） If the exhaust valve opened at BDC at the beginning of the exhaust stroke and closed at TDC at the end of the exhaust stroke, it would have a duration of 180°. But l