英语语法重难点集汇.doc

英语语法重难点集汇 高一下学期语法重难点集汇?（一） 主谓一致?主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。一个句子中主谓一致，通常指三个基本原则：语法一致，即形式上一致；概念一致，即概念或意念上的一致；毗邻一致，即谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致。?一、 语法一致原则?1、 在通常情况下，一个句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。即主语为单数形式，谓语也为单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语也为复数形式。如：?This exercise on English idioms is not easy.这个英语短语练习不容易。?2、 在“there be”结构中， “be”的单复数取决与后面主语的数.如：?There has been little change in this city.这个城市没有多少变化。?3、“one of”结构，位于用单数，“two of”结构位于用复数?One of the things I want to do is traveling.我想做的一件事是去旅行。?Two of the boys have lost their way home.有两个男孩回家迷路了。?3、 倒装句的主语在谓语之后，避免误用。?Never before has she been to Paris!她以前从未去过巴黎。?二、 概念一致?1、 主语是抽象概念、短语或从句，谓语用单数形式。如：?To tell lies is wrong.说谎是不正确的。（不定式做主语）?Keeping the house is a tiring job.管理家务是一件很劳累的事。（动名词做主语）?How this happened is not clear to anyone.(从句做主语)? 宾语从句专练?类型一：引导词的运用?(1) I don’t know ___________or not.?A. whether he is at home B. if he is at home?C. that he is at home D. whether is he at home?(2) This depends on _________ the weather is fine.?A. which B. whether C. if D. that?(3) The teacher asked the new student ________ class he was in.?A. which B. where C. if D. that?(4) I don’t know ________ Mr. Green will come to see us. He’ll help us with our English.?A. why B. when C. how D. where?(5) --- Be careful! Don’t break the bottles. Do you hear ______ I said? David??--- Yes, Mum?A. what B. that C. why D. if?(6) --- Do you know _______ Mr Black’s address is??--- He may live at NO.18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. I’m not sure of ______.?A. where, which B. where, what C. what, which D. what, where?(7) There is not much difference between the two. I really don’t know _____.?A. what should I choose B. which I should choose?C. which should I choose D. what I should choose?类型二：宾语从句的语序——陈述句语序?(1) Did you find out ______?? 英语语法 -ing分词的用法 ing分词的用法?1、-ing分词的构成?-ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）：?一般式 完成式?主动形式 doing 主动形式 having done?被动形式 being done 被动形式 having been done?-ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。如：Not knowing his address