Lecture 7 虚拟语气教案.docVIP

Lecture 7 虚拟语气The Subjunctive Mood 一、If引导的非真实条件句 ? If-从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式 与现在事实相反 一般过去式（did） Should/would/could/might+动词原形 与过去事实相反 过去完成式(had done) Should/could/would/might+have+done 与将来事实相反 Should/were to+动词原形 Should/would/could/might+动词原形 1.He wouldn’t feel so cold if he were indoors.(与现在事实相反) 2.The flood might have caused great damage to the people if we hadn’t built so many reservoirs.(与过去事实相反) 3.If I were to do the work, I should do it in a different way.(推测将来） 虚拟条件句中的谓语可用进行时，表示“如果…正在…”，主句中的谓语仍用would/might/should/could, 并可以根据情况选用时态。 　　If she were living a hard life, he should be responsible for it. If you hadn’t been studying so hard, you might have failed the exam. 条件句中有were, had（助动词）, should, could时，可以省略if,而把were, had, should放在主语前，用倒装结构。1. If you had informed me earlier, I wouldn抰 have signed the contract. v= Had you informed me earlier, I wouldn’t have signed the contract. 2. If they were to get married, they would be happy. = Were they to get married, they would be happy. 3. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. = Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 二、含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气 有些句子中，没有任何表示虚拟语气的词，短语或从句，但仍要用虚拟语气。这时，要么是省略了表示虚拟语气的部分，要么隐在上下文中，称为含蓄条件句。 You might have failed. =If you made less efforts, you might have failed. Heaven would cry at their sufferings. =If it were able to see their sufferings, heaven would cry at their sufferings. She would have acted as you did. =If she had been you, she would have acted as you did. 三、错综时间虚拟句 在错综时间条件句中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。 1.如果我是你的话，昨晚我不会错过那场电影。 If I were you, I wouldnt have missed the film last night. 2.如果我昨天把此事说过母亲听，现在我就知道该做什么了。 If I had spoken to my mother about it yesterday, I should know what to do now. 3.如果Lily今天会到的话，那她一定是三天前就动身了。 If Lily should arrive today, she must have started three days ago. 4.如果我是你的话，我不会错过这个好机会。 If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed such a good opportunity. 四、虚拟语气在It’s (high/about) time…结构中运用 在It Is (high, about) time + that clause