SQL语法祥解.doc

SQL语法详解?? ?例： “Persons” 表中的数据有LastNameFirstName Address CityHansen Ola Timoteivn 10 SandnesSvendson Tove Borgvn 23 SandnesPettersen Kari Storgt 20 Stavange Select用途：从指定表中取出指定的列的数据语法：SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name解释：从数据库中选取资料列，并允许从一或多个资料表中，选取一或多个资料列或资料行。SELECT 陈述式的完整语法相当复杂，但主要子句可摘要为：SELECT select_list[ INTO new_table ]FROM table_source[ WHERE search_condition ][ GROUP BY group_by_expression ][ HAVING search_condition ][ ORDER BY order_expression [ ASC | DESC ] ]选出字段名” LastName”、” FirstName” 的数据SELECT LastName,FirstName FROM Persons 返回结果:LastNameFirstNameHansenOlaSvendsonTovePettersenKa选出所有字段的数据SELECT * FROM Persons返回结果:LastNameFirstNameAddressCityHansenOlaTimoteivn 10SandnesSvendsonToveBorgvn 23SandnesPettersenKariStorgt 20StavangWhere用途：被用来规定一种选择查询的标准语法：SELECT column FROM table WHERE column condition ＃118;alue下面的操作符能被使用在WHERE中：=,,,,=,=,BETWEEN,LIKE注意： 在某些SQL的版本中不等号 能被写作为!=解释：SELECT语句返回WHERE子句中条件为true的数据例：从” Persons”表中选出生活在” Sandnes” 的人SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE City=Sandnes返回结果:LastNameFirstName Address City YearHansen Ola Timoteivn 10 Sandnes 1951Svendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes 1978Svendson Stale Kaivn 18 Sandnes 1980And Or用途：在WHERE子句中AND和OR被用来连接两个或者更多的条件解释：AND在结合两个布尔表达式时，只有在两个表达式都为 TRUE 时才传回 TRUEOR在结合两个布尔表达式时，只要其中一个条件为 TRUE 时，OR便传回 TRUE例：Persons 表中的原始数据:LastNameFirstName Address CityHansen Ola Timoteivn 10 SandnesSvendson Tove Borgvn 23 SandnesSvendson Stephen Kaivn 18 Sandnes用AND运算子来查找Persons 表中FirstName为”Tove”而且LastName为” Svendson”的数据SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE FirstName=ToveAND LastName=Svendson返回结果:LastNameFirstName Address CitySvendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes用OR运算子来查找Persons 表中FirstName为”Tove”或者LastName为” Svendson”的数据SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE firstname=ToveOR lastname=Svendson返回结果:LastNameFirstName Address CitySvendson Tove Borgvn 23 SandnesSvendson Stephen Kaivn 18 Sandnes你也能结合AND和OR (使用括号形成复杂的