第二章下一代网络协议.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Add text * Add text * * “IPng” stands for IP Next Generation, and was the working name for the new IP in the early phase of its development. * * * * Hop-by-Hop选项包头 　　包含分组传送过程中，每个路由器都必须检查和处理的特殊参数选项。 　　Hop-by-Hop选项包头中的选项描述一个分组的某些特性或用于提供填充。这些选项有： 　　·Pad1选项（选项类型为0），填充单字节。 　　·PadN选项（选项类型为1），填充2个以上字节。 　　·Jumbo Payload选项（选项类型为194），用于传送超大分组。使用Jumbo Payload选项，分组有效载荷长度最大可达4,294,967,295字节。负载长度超过65,535字节的IPv6包称为“超大包”。 　　·路由器警告选项（选项类型为5），提醒路由器分组内容需要做特殊处理。路由器警告选项用于组播收听者发现和RSVP（资源预定）协议。 * * Deprecating Site Local Addresses RFC3879 Discussions in the IPv6 working group outlined several defects of the current site local addressing scope. These defects fall in two broad categories: ambiguity of addresses, and fuzzy definition of sites. As currently defined, site local addresses are ambiguous: an address such as FEC0::1 can be present in multiple sites, and the address itself does not contain any indication of the site to which it belongs. This creates pain for developers of applications, for the designers of routers and for the network managers. This pain is compounded by the fuzzy nature of the site concept. * * * This is the general form of Global Unicast Addresses; some more specific forms are shown on the next two slides. TLAs are intended to be assigned to large, “tier-1” IP Service Providers (and perhaps, some day, to multi-ISP exchanges, such an an exchange serving a geographical region) One or more NLA fields are be used by TLAs to number their attached down-stream providers and/or end-subscriber sites. The SLA* field is used by end-subscriber sites to number their internal subnets. Very large sites might create a hierarchy of subnets within the SLA* field. The Interface ID field is used to number individual nodes (interfaces, actually) attached to a specific subnet. IPv6’s address auto-configuration technique depends on having the Interface ID field be 64-bits wide. The currently-proposed address allocation policy assigns a 1