第2讲 供给与需求：市场如何运行.ppt

* * * 4、 B 5、汽油价格上升和汽车生产成本下降会使汽车的 （ ）。 A．均衡价格上升、均衡产量提高 B．均衡价格下降、均衡产量不确定 C．均衡价格上升、均衡产量不确定 D．均衡产量提高、均衡价格不确定 5、 B 6、政府把产品价格限制在均衡水平以下可能导致 （ ）。 A．产品积压 B．产品供给丰富 C．黑市交易 D．B和C 6、 C * 6 * 6 * 6 * 17 * 17 * 19 * 19 * Income is the first demand shifter discussed in this chapter of the textbook. I chose to start with a different one (number of buyers), for the following reason: In discussing the impact of changes in income on the demand curve, the textbook also introduces the concept of normal goods and inferior goods. Students may find it easier to learn about curve shifts if the presentation focuses solely on a curve shift (at least initially) without simultaneously introducing other concepts. If you wish to present the demand shifters in the same order as they appear in the book, simply reorder the slides in this presentation. * Beginning economics students often have trouble understanding the difference between a movement along the curve and a shift in the curve. Here, the animation has been carefully designed to help students see that a shift in the curve results from an increase in quantity at each price. (A more realistic scenario would involve a non-parallel shift, where the horizontal distance of the shift would be greater for lower prices than higher ones. However, to remain consistent with the textbook, and to keep things simple, this slide shows a parallel shift.) * If you are willing to spend a couple extra minutes on substitutes and complements, and have a blackboard or whiteboard to draw on, here’s an idea: Before (or instead of) showing this slide, draw the demand curve for hamburgers. Pick a price, say $5, and draw a horizontal line at that price, extending from the vertical axis through the D curve and continuing to the right. Suppose Q = 1000 when P = $5. Label this on the horizontal axis. Now ask your students: If pizza becomes more expensive, but price of hamburgers does not change, what would ha