针灸医学史.ppt

針灸醫學史 林昭庚 中國醫藥大學中國醫學研究所 內容 以西方的觀點簡述針灸醫學史 「針灸醫學史」目錄 針灸代表人物與著作 針灸研究 世界各國針灸情況─ 世界衛生組織的政策 全世界針灸系所的設立 History of Acupuncture Predates written history One of the three pillars of Chinese medicine Huang Di Nei Jing Earliest written account 2nd century B.C. Actually 2 books in one History Continued 1822 Missionaries brought Western Influence Acupuncture no longer taught in Imperial Medical College Early 20th century Schools threatened, most closed Instruction continued in secret. History Continued 1949 Communist takeover Closed China to most western influences Caused revival of Chinese Medicine Trained a corps of “Barefoot Doctors” Western History The first medical description of acupuncture was by a European physician, Ten Rhijne, in about 1680, who worked for the East India Company and witnessed acupuncture practice in Japan Definitions Acupuncture Acus - needle Punctura - puncture Acupoints Specific points utilized in treatments Qi Vital energy That which animates life Prehistoric Ice Man may have used acupuncture Scientists have determeined that Oetzi, who was 45 years old when he died, has arthritis in his lower back, knee and ankle. Prehistoric Ice Man may have used acupuncture 15 different groups of tattoos which covered the mans body are found along the same meridians as those used by Chinese acupuncture L Dorfer; M Moser; F Bahr; K Spindler; et al. A medical report from the stone age? Lancet; 1999; 354(9183);. 1023 History in The West 1774 Publications in France Experiments began Source for most of western exposure 1825 Memoir on Acupuncturation – Bache 1825 Bache experimented on prisoners in Pa. History – Western Continued Civil War Citations in the Field Surgeons Manual 1892 Sir William Osler 1971 James Reston 1977-84 Acupuncture analgesia studied America The USA took the lead to surge popularity of acupuncture around the world in 1970s Now, Let Me Tell You About My Appendectomy in Peking... /reston.htm History – Western Continued 1990’s NIH beg