第五节 名词和主谓一致.ppt

The number of people invited ____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 2. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ____ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. A. was B. were C. had been D. would be 3. Books of this kind ____ well. A. sell B. sells C. are sold D. is sold 4. Every possible means ____ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used 下列名词常用作不可数名词，因此没有单复数形式，其谓语动词须用单数形式： advice劝告 air空气 baggage行李 behaviour举止 bread面包 butter黄油 clothing衣服 damage损坏 dust尘土 equipment设备 fun乐趣 furniture家具 glass玻璃 harm损害 housework家务 honesty诚实 grass草 homework家庭作业 ice冰 luck运气 money钱 information消息 news新闻 paper纸 knowledge知识 sugar糖 soap肥皂 progress进步 traffic交通 trouble烦恼 rice米 weather天气 wealth财富 注意： 1.不可数的物质名词表示个体时，须用单位名词（量词）来表示其数量概念，常用的有： a piece of advice/bread/cake/chalk/cloth/equipment/furniture/information/kindness/land/news/paper/wood/work an article of clothing/furniture a bar of chocolate/soap a bottle of ink/milk/wine a pair of glasses/shoes/socks a herd of cattle/deer/elepants 注意： 2.不可数名词可数化的几种情况： a great help 极大的帮助 a knowledge of grammar 语法知识 a love for freedom 热爱自由 a hatred for invaders 对入侵者的痛恨 1). 不可数名词有了定语（前置定语或后置定语），动作名词有了逻辑宾语时。例如： 2). 物质名词表示具体的东西或该物质的数量之多时。例如： glass玻璃—glasses玻璃杯 paper纸—papers文件 Sand沙子—sands沙漠 water水—waters水域 注意： 2.不可数名词可数化的几种情况： youth青春—a youth一位青年—youths年轻人 service服务—services服务机构 experience经验—an experience一段经历 A useless life is an early death. 虚度年华无异于早逝 3). 抽象名词有抽象的概念变为具体的人或无，或被形容词或冠词修饰使之具体化。例如： A good knowledge of English is necessary. 很好的掌握英语知识是必要的。 名词和主谓一致 （一） 名词的数 2. 可数名词规则的复数形式 可数名词包括个体名词和集体名词，有单、复数形式 复数名词构成方法: 3) 以“辅音字母+o”结尾的名词后加-es hero—heroes tomato—tomatoes Negro—Negroes potato--potatoes 但不少以-o结尾的外来词变复数时只加-s，例如： radio—radios photo—photos piano--pianos 有些以-o结尾的名词有两种复数形式，例如： zero—zeros/zeros volcano—volcanos/volcanoes mosquito