methods_for_modeling_bolts（螺栓预应力分析）.pdfVIP

Methods for Modeling Bolts in the Bolted Joint Jerome Montgomery Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation, Orlando, FL Abstract Modeling bolts for three-dimensional finite element applications have, and still continue to raise questions. The limitations on model size sometimes make modeling of solid bolts impractical. Therefore, many analysts choose other methods to model bolts. Line elements with coupled nodes and line elements with spider beams are a couple of alternative approaches. This paper looks at a few methods for modeling pretension bolted joints using the finite element method (ANSYS 5.7). Pretension is modeled using ANSYS pretension elements (PRETS179) which can be used on solid or line element types. Surface-to- surface contact elements are used to account for varying contact distribution along flanges. Bolt head and nut behavior is modeled by, coupled nodes, beam elements, rigid body elements (RBE3), or solids. Bolt stud is modeled by solid elements, beam elements, pipe elements, or link elements. The choice of line elements versus solid elements is determined by the degree of complexity sought. The pros and cons of different simulations are also discussed. Introduction Bolted joints are generally made up of the bolt group (head, stud, and nut) and the flange (top and bottom), as shown in Figure 1. Bolted connections are designed to hold two or more parts together to form an assembly (Figure 2). Because of different loading conditions, especially high loads, bolted connections can separate. To minimize this effect, a pretension is applied to the bolt (Figure 3). This insures that the connection will not separate, provided the applied load remains less than the pretension. In finite element simulation, the pretension characteristics must be accounted for. Fukuoka[1] developed a curve for simulating the pretension in a bol