6刀自动刀架系统设计论文.doc

摘 要 数控车床将向中高发展，对数控刀架需求量将大大增加。随着数控车床的发展，数控刀架向快速换刀、电液组合驱动和伺服驱动方向发展。Numerical Control lathe will be the middle and senior grade development in the future.It is estimated that the demand for NC tool carrier will be much greater. NC tool start to the rapid tool change, electro-hydraulic servo drive and portfolio-driven direction with the development of NC lathes. The mechanical structure and the control system of six Automatic Tool lift are designed in this thesis. Analyzing many plans, It be gotten that the blue print of the Automatic Tool Lift. And then,The structure be analyzed and calculated. At the same time, the ProE is used for the 3D solid modeling of mechanical structure, which shows the structure of the tool lift is reasonable. That PLC and sensors is applicated in the design of the soft and hard components of the tool lift .It makes the control of tool change more efficient. Automatic Tool Lift in this thesis, with its simple structure and rapid auxiliary tool change (ATC), will become an independent unit which can be used not only on general machine tools to reduce ATC time, but also on economic NC machine tools to improve the structure Tool. Key words Automatic Tool lift, Sensors ，3D Solid Modeling, PLC  目 录 摘 要 Ⅰ ABSTRACT Ⅱ 1 绪论 1 1.1 国内外研究现状 1 1.2 总体设计 1 2 自动刀架系统机械部分设计 2 2.1 刀架结构方案的确定 2 2.1.1刀架体设计 2 2.1.2 传动方案设计 2 2.1.3 定位方案的确定 3 2.2 主要零件部件设计计算 3 2.2.1 刀具受力计算 3 2.2.2 刀架体设计计算 4 2.2.3 端齿盘主要参数的设计计算 5 2.2.4 压缩弹簧设计 9 2.2.5 蜗杆蜗轮设计 11 2.2.6 螺杆、螺套设计及验算 14 2.3 电机的选择 16 2.4 联轴器结构选择 16 2.5 润滑与密封 16 3 自动刀架控制部分设计 18 3.1 控制系统分析 18 3.1.1 控制方案设计 18 3.1.2 PLC的分类 18 3.1.3 PLC的特点及主要功能 19 3.1.4 自动换刀控制系统要求 21 3.2 控制元件的选择 21 3.2.1 接近开关的类别 21 3.2.2 接近开关的选择 22 3.3 PLC选型 23 3.3.1 分析控制系统所需要的I/O接点数 23 3.3.2 PLC外接电器元件选择 23 3.4 系统控制元件列表 24 3.5 PLC的I/O地址的分配 25 3.6 PLC外围接线图 25 4 控制系统PLC程序设计 27 4.1 系统流程图的设计 27 4.2 PLC程序设计 27 4.2.1 程序结构设计 27 4.2.2 自动换刀程序设计 28 4.2.3 手动