2014高考英语二轮阅读微技能训练10—科普类阅读.docVIP

科普类文章的特点 科普知识与现代技术是高中课程标准规定的话题之一。此类题材的文章涉及内容广泛，如天文地理、生物医药、发明创造、计算机技术等等。这类文章的总体特点是：科技词汇多，句子结构复杂，理论性强，逻辑严谨。具体说来它有以下几个特点：1. 文章中词汇的意义比较单一、稳定、简明，不带感情色彩，具有单一性和准确性的特点。2. 句子结构较复杂，语法分析较困难。为了描述一个客观事物，严密地表达自己的思想，作者经常会使用集多种语法现象于一体的长句。　3. 常使用被动语态，尤其是一些惯用被动句式。 科技环保类文章在高考英语试题中出现的频率最高，此类文章一般为说明文，但也常常夹杂着叙述和议论，并经常出现一些较新的科技名词或术语。考生若经常阅读英语报刊，具备丰富的课外知识，并积累一定的时新词汇，对解读此类文章会大有帮助。] Animals can move from place to place，but plants cannot. When an animal is under attack，it can run away or fight back. Plants certainly cannot run away，and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means. Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away. For example，the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines that discourage grasseating animals. Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach. Some plants，such as the oak tree，have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat. Some grasses may contain a sandy material；eating such grasses wears down the animal’s teeth.Many plants also have chemical defenses. Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction. Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals. When a caterpillar bites a tobacco leaf，the leaf produces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar. Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China，for instance，has prickly leaves，and each prickle contains poisonous venom. A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.1. The holly plant has more spines on the lower leaves because most animals_____________.　A. are not tall enough B. like the lower leaves only　C. are not clever enough D. can get the lower leaves easily