城市设计-erin.docVIP

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城市设计-erin.doc

6. Access To be successful, a square needs to be easy to get to. The best squares are always easily accessible by foot: Surrounding streets are narrow; crosswalks are well marked; lights are timed for pedestrians, not vehicles; traffic moves slowly; and transit stops are located nearby. A square surrounded by lanes of fast-moving traffic will be cut off from pedestrians and deprived of its most essential element: people. 6 通道 一个广场要想做得很成功,它必须很容易进入。最棒的广场总是很容易通过步行进入:周围的街道都很狭窄;人行横道都标示清晰;信号灯周期都是有利于行人的,而不是车辆;机动车走的很慢;并且附近地方设置了换乘站点。如果一个广场被快速干道环绕,它将会被行人通过而阻断,同时也脱离了广场最关键的元素:人。 7. The Inner Square the Outer Square Visionary park planner Frederick Law Olmsted’s idea of the “inner park” and the “outer park” is just as relevant today as it was over 100 years ago. The streets and sidewalks around a square greatly affect its accessibility and use, as do the buildings that surround it. Imagine a square fronted on each side by 15-foot blank walls?that is the worst-case scenario for the outer square. Then imagine that same square situated next to a public library: the library doors open right onto the square; people sit outside and read on the steps; maybe the children’s reading room has an outdoor space right on the square, or even a bookstore and cafe. An active, welcoming outer square is essential to the well-being of the inner square. 7 内部广场与外部广场 幻想主义公园设计大师Frederick Law Olmsted对“内部广场”与“外部广场”的观点恰好和100多年前的一样。广场四周的街道和人行道对其可达性和实用性有着重要的影响,和其周边的建筑物一样。设想一下一个广场前面每一边都矗立着15英尺高的空白墙壁,那将是这个外部广场最为糟糕的场景。接着设想一下同样的广场坐落在公共图书馆旁边:图书馆的门刚好对着广场敞开着;人们坐在外边的台阶上看书;也许儿童阅览室刚好在广场上有一个露天的空间,或者甚至是一个书店和咖啡店。对于内部广场中的人来说,一个积极、开放的外部广场是非常必要的。 8. Reaching Out Like an Octopus Just as important as the edge of a square is the way that streets, sidewalks and ground floors of adjacent buildings lead into it. Like the tentacles of an octopus extending into the surrounding neighborhood, the influence of a good square (such as Union Square in New York) starts at least a block away. Vehicles slow down, walking becomes more en

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