Eukaryotic Cell StructureChapter 7.ppt

Eukaryotic Cell StructureChapter 7 Section 7–2 Comparing a Cell to a Factory It What is an organelle? is a structure in eukaryotic cells that acts as if it is a specialized organ. Cell Diagram Animal Cells Contain Lysosomes Mitochondria E.R. Plant Cells Have Cell Wall E.R. Chloroplast What is the function of the nucleus? It is the control center of the cell. What important molecule does the nucleus contain? DNA The granular material visible within the nucleus is called Chromatin What does chromatin consist of What are chromosomes? They are distinct, threadlike structures formed of condensed chromatin that contain genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next. Most nuclei contain a small, dense region known as the nucleolus What occurs in the nucleolus This is where the assembly of ribosomes begins. What is the nuclear envelope It is a double-membrane layer that surrounds the nucleus. Ribosomes What are ribosomes? Ribosomes are small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm that are involved in protein synthesis. Endoplasmic Reticulum What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER? Ribosomes are found on the surface of rough ER. There are no ribosomes on smooth ER. Golgi Apparatus The Golgi apparatus is like a customization shop, where the finishing touches are put on proteins before they are ready to leave the cell “factory.” Lysosomes b. They break down organelles that have outlived their usefulness. d. They contain enzymes that break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins. Vacuoles What are vacuoles Vacuoles are saclike structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates. Central Vacuole What is the role of the central vacuole in plants? When the central vacuole is filled with liquid, the pressure within the vacuole supports the heavy structures of the plant, such as leaves and flowers. Vacuole How does the contractile vacuole i