零能耗建筑屋面.docVIP

“ 零能耗”建筑屋顶设计 蒋宗和 (深圳市清华苑建筑设计有限公司，广东深圳518052) 摘要： 建筑能耗在我国社会商品能源总消耗量中所占的比例越来越大，随着城市化进程的不断发展，建筑能耗己逐步超过能源总消 耗量的30％。显然，建筑节能的问题已成为我国提高能源使用效率的迫切问题。在大量的建筑中，屋顶是建筑物外围护结构表 面所占面积较小的部分，但其所造成的室内外温差传热耗热量却大于任何一面外墙，其表面积建筑能耗也高居整幢建筑物表 面积建筑能耗比值的榜首。同时，建筑屋顶覆盖大量绿地，成为影响城市生态以及产生“ 热岛效应”的重要因素。如何在建筑设 计中寻找出解决上述问题的切实可行的方法，结合实际工程“ 武汉汤逊湖1 号”的建筑设计体会，探讨“ 零能耗”建筑屋顶设计 的可行性。 关键词： 零能耗； 节能屋顶； 生态设计 中图分类号： TU201.5 文献标志码： A 文章编号： 1673-7237(2008)10-0017-04 D esign ofB uilding R oofs ofZero Energy C onsum ption JIANG Zong-he (Shenzhen Tsinghua Yuan Architectural Design Co.,Ltd., Shenzhen 518052, Guangdong, China) A bstract: Building energy consumption has larger proportion in the total energy consumption of the Chinas social goods. With the development of urbanization, building energy consumption have gradually been over 30 percent of the total energy consumption. Obviously, energy efficiency of buildings has become an impendent problem of enhancing energy-efficiency of utilization in China. In a large number of buildings, building roofs take up smaller areas of the outer building envelope surface, but heat transfer consumption caused by temperature difference between the indoor and the outdoor is greater than that of any exterior wall. Its surface building energy consumption is the highest in the total surface building energy consumption. Meanwhile, urban building roofs covered lots of green lands which becomes important factors to influence urban ecology and cause heat island effect. How to find feasible methods to solve the above problems, the design experience of Wuhan Tangxunhu No. 1 project were summarized, and the feasibility of building roofs of zero energy consumption was discussed. K ey w ords:zero energy consumption; energy efficiency roofs; eco-design 0 引言 面对全球能源与环境问题，不少全新的设计理念应运而生。例如在建筑设计领域，就有低能耗建筑、零能耗建筑和绿色建筑等设计与实践。然而，因专业的局限性，多数设计师不能从整体综合节能设计概念出发，没有采取与环境专家、设备工程师和结构工程师紧密配合设计的协作方式，故其能真正产生节能效果的建筑设计还差强人意。“武汉汤逊湖1 号”项目，位于华中地区武汉市汤逊湖畔。其地区所属湿热性气候，全年气温变化幅度大，干湿交变频繁。在武汉市区年绝对最高与最低温差近50 ℃，有时日温差接近20 ℃，夏季日照时间长，