2015届高三英语外研版（通用）总复习配套文档：语法专题二 动词和动词短语[ 高考].docVIP

专题二　动词和动词短语 ◆动词的辨析 动词包括连系动词、及物动词和不及物动词、持续性动词与非持续性动词，是高考考查的重点，无论是单项填空还是完形填空等题型中，动词辨析的比重都很大，并有逐年增加的趋势。动词辨析主要指： 1．词形相近的动词之间的辨析。如：lie，lay；rise，raise；sit，seat等。 2．意义相近的动词之间的辨析。如：borrow，lend; speak，say，talk; hope，wish等。 3．动词与其他词形相近、意义相似的词的辨析。如：advise，advice; cost，worth; pass，past 等。 4．意义不同但容易混淆的动词的辨析。如：explain，say; discover，invent; uncover，find等。 5．某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨析。如：ask，give，call，make，get，keep，want，see，hear等。 6．某些常用动词短语的辨析。如：give in，give up; turn on，turn off，turn down，turn up等。 题组训练1 选词填空 1．William found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to fail. 2．If you don’t like the drink you ordered just leave it and try a different one. 3．Mary，I reminded John of his promise to help you. 4．Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful，but they may also limit our thinking. 5．The minister said，“We are ready for discussions with any legal parties，but we’ll never negotiate with criminals.” 6．Clinical evidence began to accumulate，suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. 7．—Are you still mad at her? —Not really，but I can’t deny that her remarks hurt me. 8．I’d prefer to reserve my judgment until I find all the evidence. 9．You are old enough to earn your own living. 10．I opened a bank account after I made﹩1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation. ◆动词短语的考查要点 动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。需掌握以下要点： 1．根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。 (1)动词＋副词(不及物) Tom turned up after the party when everyone had left. (2)动词＋副词(及物) Please turn every light in the house off. 注意：①如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。 She turned off all the lights which had been left on. ②如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。 She gave them away. (3)动词＋介词(及物) You should learn to care about others. 注意：当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。 (4)动词＋副词＋介词 I look forward to seeing you soon. 注意：“动词＋介词”、“动词＋名词＋副词”、“动词＋副词＋介词”，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。 In this way both grain and vegetable can be well looked after. (不能漏掉after) 2．熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异。 (