大学英语精读第一册 Unit Three.pptVIP

Unit Three The Present Present: n. /adj. /v. n. /′preznt/① =gift礼物，赠品；e.g. I want to send him a bike as the birthday present. ② =the time now现在，目前；e.g I’m sorry he is out at present. adj. ①=being in a particular place 出席的，到场的( which is the antonym of “absent”)；e.g. Most fathers wish to be present at the birth of their child. ②=existing or happening now目前的, 现在的;e.g. in the present situation (在当前形势下) V. /pr?′zent/ ①=to give sth. to sb., especially formally at a ceremony 赠送，给予；e.g. The sword was presented by the family to the museum. (这家人把宝剑捐赠给了博物馆。) ② =to show or describe sth./sb. to look at or consider 提出，出示;呈现. e.g. You need to present yourself better. (你需要更善于展示自己。) Rare (rarely) vs. Scarce (in Unit5) rare和scarce都有“稀少的”、“少有的”之义。 ⑴Rare: a. not happening often 罕见的，不常发生的; 难得的，稀有 的；指稀少而又珍贵的东西。e.g.a rare bird 珍稀鸟类/珍禽 rare metal 珍稀金属 rare air 稀薄的空气 It is rare for a person in his position to make such a mistake. (像他这样地位的人犯如此错误很少见。) It is rare to find him at home. (难得见他呆在家里。) rarely: adv. =not often 很少地，难得地，不常地 ⑵Scarce: “缺少”，“缺乏”；指常见、有用却缺乏的事物，即指在数量上 少于标准量或所需量的事物; 它不含珍贵之意，多指普通东西在一定时 期内短缺。(It’s antonym：abundant：丰富的). 表示“缺乏”之意时, 它常 作表语不作定语, 故我们可以用rare来修饰“时间”,“场合”而不能用scarce. e.g. Food and fuel are getting scarce. (食物和燃料日益缺乏。) scarcely=hardly, only just(几乎不, 仅仅)放在句首时需要用倒装结构. e.g. Scarcely had he arrived when he had to leave again. (他刚刚到达, 又不得不离开。) He scarcely knew a word of English, ＿＿ ?(他对英语一窍不通,是吗?) arrange的用法 arrange: vi. =make preparations, plan作计划，筹划； 习惯用法：arrange for(安排…，准备…); e.g. I’ve arranged for a boy to help you carry the luggage(行李)。 spot 的用法 1). 可作及物和不及物动词，意为“(discover, recognize, catch sight of…)发现，认出；弄污，加斑点于……”。e.g. ① He spotted his girlfriend in the crowd. 他从人群中认出了他的女朋友。 ②Her dress is spotted with ink. 她的连衣裙上沾了点墨水。 2). 作可数名词，意为“点”；“斑点；污点”(a round area that is different from the main surface)。e.g. ③There is a black spot on your coat. 你的大衣上有个黑色斑点。 3). 可作名词，意为“(a place or an area)地点”; e.g. ④The police were on the spot within