江苏省淮安中学2012高三英语语法专题复习十二、特殊句式之一（倒装和省略）.docVIP

十二、特殊句式之一：倒装I.知识重点1.掌握全部倒装和部分倒装的情况.2.掌握一些特殊倒装的情况. II.知识呈现: 倒装是指句子成分不是按主语在前、谓语在后的正常语序排列, 而是将谓语或谓语的一部分移到主语之前。倒装是一种修辞手段, 目的是为了强调。倒装分为部分倒装和全部倒装, 考试多为部分倒装。考生应掌握什么情况下需要倒装,并对倒装后的句子认出来, 避免做题时候的盲目和迷茫。用全部倒装的情况全部倒装一般是存在以下列副词开头的句子中, 全部倒装的方法是把句子的主谓语序颠倒过来, 把谓语移到主语前面：1）出于修辞需要, 表示方向的副词：out, down, in ,up, away, on。如：Down jumped the burglar from the tenth floor when he heard someone shouted at him.Up went the plane2)出于习惯用法：here, there, now, thus, then.如：Now is your turn. There goes the bell.There existed a certain doubt among the students as to the necessity of work注意：here, there用于倒装结构时主语一般为名词, 如果是人称代词则不需要倒装“ Where is the cup？” “Here it is！”Here you are. There he comes.3)有时主语较长, 为了使句子平衡, 避免头重脚轻, 主谓要全部倒装。这种情况多出现在主系表结构中。如：Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life. 用部分倒装情况部分倒装一般是把句子谓语的一部分（主要是助动词或系动词）放到句子主语前, 构成部分倒装, 而全部倒装则把句子的谓语（包括实义动词）都放在主语前1下列否定词及含有否定意义的词组修饰状语时,若置于句首,句子的主谓要部分倒装 ：never, no, neither, not only, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, not until, nowhere, at no time, on no account, in no respect, in no sense, by no means, in vain, still less。如： Not only is its direct attack on their discipline, it bypasses the essence of what sociologists focus on. Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state.注：如果谓语动词是单个实义动词, 倒装时需根据人称和时态加助动词do。如：Little did we expect that he would fulfill his task so rapidly.2). 以only修饰状语（副词, 介词短语, 状语从句）开头的句子, 句子的主谓要部分倒装：only then, only at that time, only once, only in this way, only with, only through, only by, only when, only after, only because。如：Only when you have obtained sufficient data?????? come to a sound conclusion.A. can you???????? B. would you?????? C. you will???????? D. you can3). 以下列副词或短语开头的句子, 句子的主谓要部分倒装：often, so, well, to such a degree, to such an extent, to such extremes, to such a point, many a time 如：So involved with their computers?do the children become?that leaders at summer computer camps ofte