英语词汇学第6讲.pptVIP

English Lexicology Readings Task V Check Chapter 2 of A Survey of English Lexicology Key points in the book will be discussed next week Review of Lecture V 1. Derivation: definition 2. English prefixes Function Classification 3. English suffixes Function Classification Lecture VIWord Building – Conversion Lecture VI Word Building – Conversion 1. Conversion: definition 2. Conversion: classification Noun-verb conversion Verb-noun conversion Adjective-verb conversion Adjective-noun conversion Other conversions 3. Noun attributes Conversion: definition Conversion is the process of converting words from one part of speech to another without adding any derivative element. It is also called zero derivation. “In English every word can be verbed...” Noun-verb conversion Verb-noun conversion Adjective-verb conversion Adjective-noun conversion Other conversions Noun-Verb Conversion 1. to put sth in N The noun are usually locative nouns denoting a place, a container or a specified location. e.g. can n. → v. to can The workers canned apples. Others: to bottle, to floor, to cage, to corner, to pocket Noun-Verb Conversion 2. to give N; to provide N e.g. shelter n.→ v. to shelter They shelter the orphans. Others: to coat, to wax, to sugar, to label, to plaster, to grease Noun-Verb Conversion 3. to deprive sth of N; or to remove N from sth e.g. weed n.→ v. to weed Bill weeded the garden. Others: to core, to dust, to skin, to gut, to peel Noun-Verb Conversion 4. to…with N The meaning of the verb is “to use N as an instrument for whatever activity particularly associated with it”. e.g. finger She fingered the soft silk. Others: to elbow, to knife, to head Noun-Verb Conversion 5. to be/act as N with respect to… i. Verbs from human nouns: e.g. mother n.→ v. to mother She mothered the orphan. Others: to nurse, to boss, to pilot, to referee, to usher Noun-Verb Conversion ii. Verbs from animal nouns e.g. parrot n.→ v. to parrot Tom parroted what the boss had said.