机械O型翻车机液压系统设计【全套图纸】.doc

内蒙古科技大学 本科生毕业设计说明书（毕业论文） 题 目：“O”型翻车机液压系统设计 学生姓名： 学 号：0604103428 专 业：机械设计制造及自动化 班 级：机06—4班 指导教师： 摘要 翻车机是用于铁路敞车的大型高效卸车设备，它与辅机配套，实现翻车过程的机械化和自动化。可以翻卸煤炭、矿石、砂砾、灰渣、化工原料及制品等散料，具有生产能力大(250～10000t/h)、一次性整车翻卸、机械化自动化程度高等优点，并能显著减轻劳动强度和改善劳动条件，加快车辆周转。随着液压技术的快速发展及其在翻车机中运用，使得翻车机的在整体性能方面得到了很大的提高。液压翻车机具有易于控制、惯性小、便于实现频繁换向、可实现较大的调速范围、能较方便地实现无级调速、易于实现过载保护等优点。 本毕业设计是对“O”型翻车机液压系统进行设计，重点是设计翻车机压车机构液压系统、靠车机构液压系统、补偿机构液压系统、泵站等。整个液压装置安装于翻车机的靠板侧，随主机往复翻转，最大角度为175度。随着翻车机翻卸能力的逐渐增加，翻车设备对液压传动功力的要求也不断提高，本设计中由以往的机械限位控制补偿，改为带活塞杆补偿油缸，避免了压力补偿不够的情况，同时，在靠车装置控制元件选择上由传统的板式连接阀改成了集成度更高、响应更快的插装阀，从而解决了板式阀易卡死以及因内泄漏大导致油缸动作异常等问题。另外本设计中在最后还对翻车机液压系统经常出现的一些故障及其解决方法做了简要的说明。 关键词：翻车机 液压系统 压车机构 靠车机构 Abstract Rotating machine is large-scaled high-efficient un-load equipment used in railway truck to realize, together with auxiliary machine, mechanization and automation in rotating process. It may un-load coal, ore, gravel, clinker, chemical raw material and product as well as other balk cargo, equipped with merits such as high-productivity (250～10000t/h), one-off side-dump carload and high mechanization and automation, besides, it may dramatically lighten labor intensity, improve labor condition and accelerate vehicle rotating. As rapid development of hydraulic pressure technology and its application in rotating machine, comprehensive function of rotating machine is dramatically improved. Hydraulic-pressure rotating machine is equipped with merits such as easy control, small inertia, easiness to realize frequent direction changes and overload protection as well as ability to realize larger speed-control scope and stepless speed regulating. This graduation design is for hydraulic pressure system of O-type rotating machine. It focuses on hydraulic pressure system of tripper clam structure, sill beam structure, compensating structure and pump station. The entire hydraulic pressure equipment is installed at side plate of rotating machine and it rotates reciprocally with mainframe machine, with maximum angle 15