Material molding.docVIP

Material molding Molten thermoplastic present a viscoelastic behavior (viscoelastic behavior), i.e. the viscosity fluid and elastic solid flow characteristics of the combination. When the viscosity fluid flow, part of the drive energy will become stuck to hot and disappeared; However, the elastic solid deformation, will promote the deformation energy stored up. In daily life, the water flow is typical of the viscosity fluid, rubber elastomers of deformation belong to. In addition to the two kinds of material flow behavior, and shear and stretch two flow deformation, as shown in figure 4-1 (a) and (b). In the injection molding filling stage, the thermoplastic flow of the plastic shear flow is given priority to, as shown in figure 4-1 (c) shows, material of each layer between elements have relative sliding. In addition, when melt flows through a sudden change size of the area, as shown in figure 4-1 (d), tensile flow becomes more important. 材料成型 熔融的热塑性塑料呈现黏弹性行为(viscoelastic behavior)，亦即黏性流体与弹性固体的流动特性组合。当黏性流体流动时，部分驱动能量将会转变成黏滞热而消失；然而，弹性固体变形时，会将推动变形的能量储存起来。日常生活中，水的流动就是典型的黏性流体，橡胶的变形属于弹性体。 除了这两种的材料流动行为，还有剪切和拉伸两种流动变形，如图4-1 (a)与(b)。在射出成形的充填阶段，热塑性塑料之熔胶的流动以剪切流动为主，如图4-1(c)所示，材料的每一层元素之间具有相对滑动。另外，当熔胶流经一个尺寸突然变化的区域，如图4-1(d)，拉伸流动就变得重要多了。 图4-1 (a)剪切流动；(b)拉伸流动；(c)模穴内的剪切流动 (d)充填模穴内的拉伸流动 热塑性塑料承受应力时会结合理想黏性流体和理想弹性固体之特性，呈现黏弹性行为。在特定的条件下，熔胶像液体一样受剪应力作用而连续变形；然而，一旦应力解除，熔胶会像弹性固体一样恢复原形，如图4-2 (b)与 (c)所示。此黏弹性行为是因为聚合物在熔融状态，分子量呈现杂乱卷曲型态，当受到外力作用时，将允许分子链移动或滑动。然而，相互纠缠的聚合物分子链使系统于施加外力或解除外力时表现出弹性固体般的行为。譬如说，在解除应力后，分子链会承受一恢复应力，使分子链回到杂乱卷曲的平衡状态。因为聚合物系统内仍有分子链的交缠，此恢复应力可能不是立即发生作用。 The thermoplastic stress with ideal viscosity fluid when ideal and the characteristics of the elastic solid, present a viscoelastic behavior. In certain conditions, melt like liquid the same role and continuous shearing stress deformation; However, once the stress release, melt like elastic solid prototype recovery, as shown in figure 4-2 (b) and (c) as shown. The viscoelastic behavior because polymer in molten state, molecular weight p