巷道贯通_毕业设计.doc

摘要 开采沉陷规律的研究对国民经济的发展和人民生活的提高都有着重要的意义。为了能最大限度的减少由于开采沉陷而造成的损失，必须研究开采沉陷的规律，以便能够对开采过程中将会出现的沉陷状况有一个正确的预测。准确地确定矿区地表岩移参数，掌握矿区开采沉陷现状，并能够对沉陷做一个准确的预计，对矿区开采来说是十分必要的。 本文以崔庄煤矿的三个工作面为研究对象，使用GPS-RTK对煤矿开采造成的沉陷进行观测，获取观测数据根据观测数据绘制工作面的四个观测剖面图。在CAD软件中，根据已有的剖面图求出矿区沉陷的岩移参数，并利用urfer软件绘制煤矿开采的预计下沉曲线图，包括下沉曲线图、倾斜曲线图、曲率曲线图、下沉速度曲线图、水平移动曲线图、相对水平移动曲线、绝对水平变形曲线图。 关键词： 观测站, 数据处理, GPS , 水下, 开采沉陷 Abstract The research of the law of mining subsidence on the national economy development and improvement of peoples lives hasignificance. In order to reduce the loss caused by the mining subsidence，law of mining subsidence must be research in order to give a correctly forecast about the subsidence situation in mining subsidence. Accurately determine the parameters of mineral earths surface rock moving, grasp the current situation of mining subsidence and make a precise estimate for the settlement, is very necessary to Coal mining. Three faces of Cuizhuang coal mining are chosen as the area of studying in this paper, and make use of Global Positioning System basing on Real Time Kinematic to observe the subsidence of coal mining. According to the observational data, we can draw four observed profiles of the face. In CAD software, we calculate the rock movement parameters of Mining subsidence. In Surfer software, we draw the future Subsidence curves of coal mining, including the sink curve, tilt curve, the curvature curve, the speed of the sinking curve, the level of the mobile curve, the relative level of the mobile curve, and the absolute level of deformation curve. Key Words： Observatory, Data Processing, Global Positioning System, Underwater , Mining subsidence 目录 1开采沉陷概述 1 1.1开采沉陷的产生 1 1.2开采沉陷的模式 2 2.观测设计 5 2.1工作面概况 5 2.2观测方案设计 5 3 GPS-RTK数据采集 14 3.1 RTK测量水面坐标 14 3.2 测量锤法测量水深 14 3.3 测前的准备工作 15 3.4 外业数据采集 15 4数据成图 17 4.1 MSDFVS软件使用 17 4.2 CAD绘图介绍 17 4.3 Surfer8.0介绍 18 5.移动变形量计算 30 5.1在CAD上确定移动参数 30 5．2一般岩移参数的确定 39 总结 44 参考文献 46 致谢 47 英语文献翻译 48  1开采沉陷概述 1.1开采沉陷的产生 地下开采引起围岩的位移和变