麻痹性贝类毒素的生物合成研究进展.pdfVIP

第25卷第4期 生命科学 Vol. 25, No. 4 2013年4月 Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences Apr., 2013 文章编号：1004-0374(2013)04-0427-08 麻痹性贝类毒素的生物合成研究进展 姚　戈，曹　瑛*，范崇旭，应天翼，陈冀胜 (北京药物化学研究所，北京102205) 摘　要：麻痹性贝类毒素(paralytic shellfish toxins, PSTs) 产自多种淡水蓝细菌及海洋甲藻，常见于爆发的水 华及贝类中，其神经毒性对人畜具有很高的危险性，PSTs 中毒事件在全球范围内时有发生。基因组学技术 5 的发展使毒素生物合成基因簇及相关基因得以发现并初步验证。综合已报道的 种蓝细菌基因簇及相关合 成基因生物信息学分析结果，综述了PSTs 的生物合成过程及推导的功能酶类，并对各种环境调控因素影响 毒素合成的机理进行了总结。 关键词：麻痹性贝类毒素；基因簇 ；生物合成 中图分类号 ：Q948.8; X 145 文献标志码：A Advances in the research of biosynthesis of paralytic shellfish toxins YAO Ge, CAO Ying*, FAN Chong-Xu, YING Tian-Yi, CHEN Ji-Sheng (Beijing Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Beijing 102205, China) Abstract: Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) occur naturally in harmful algae blooms composed of marine dinoflagellates, as well as in freshwater cyanobacterial blooms, which are considered as a serious neurotoxicological health risk that may affect humans and animals. Many cases of paralytic shellfish poisoning have occurred globally every year. Recently, the candidate PSTs biosynthesis gene clusters were described and the genes involved were identified. In this paper, reviews of the putative functional enzymes implicated in proposed PSTs biosynthetic pathway are made based on the annotation and bioinformatics characterization of the biosynthetic gene clusters in five cyanobacterial species reported before, and the environmental factors that regulate the production of PSTs are summarized. Key words: paralytic shellfish toxins; gene cluster; biosynthesis 近二十年来，基因组学和蛋白质组学相关技术 PSTs 每年会造成近2 000 起中毒事件[4] ，我国近海