BIND服务器配置.ppt

配置DNS服务器（RHEL4） 目录 DNS简介 IP地址和主机名(域名)的转换方法 安装和启动BIND 域名服务器的配置语法 配置主（master）DNS服务器 配置从（slave）DNS服务器 例子 Names and addresses in general An address is how you get to an endpoint Typically, hierarchical (for scaling): 950 Milton Street, Brisbane City, QLD 4064 1 A “name” is how an endpoint is referenced Typically, no structurally significant hierarchy “David”, “Tokyo”, “” Purpose of naming Addresses are used to locate objects Names are easier to remember than numbers You would like to get to the address or other objects using a name DNS provides a mapping from names to resources of several types Naming History 1970’s ARPANET Host.txt maintained by the SRI-NIC pulled from a single machine Problems traffic and load Name collisions Consistency DNS created in 1983 by Paul Mockapetris (RFCs 1034 and 1035), modified, updated, and enhanced by a myriad of subsequent RFCs 2. IP地址和主机名(域名)的转换方法 Host表（/etc/hosts文件） 存放了主机名和IP地址的映射表 在大型网络中建立Host表几乎不可能 NIS 将所有的Host数据保存在中央主机上，由中央主机将所需的数据分配给所有的服务器 只适用于中小型网络 DNS 使用分层的分布式数据库来处理Internet上的域名和IP地址之间的映射 网络中没有存放全部Internet主机信息的中心数据库 hosts文件 文件/etc/hosts的格式 IP地址 主机名/域名 例子 77 78 注意：hosts文件中的IP地址和域名之间的映射关系，只能供本机使用，而不能被其他机器访问 DNS A lookup mechanism for translating objects into other objects A globally distributed, loosely coherent, scalable, reliable, dynamic database Comprised of three components A “name space” Servers making that name space available Resolvers (clients) which query the servers about the name space DNS Features: Global Distribution Data is maintained locally, but retrievable globally No single computer has all DNS data DNS lookups can be performed by any device Remote DNS data is locally cachable to improve performance DNS Features: Loose Coherency The database is always internally consistent Each version of a subset of the database (a zone) has a serial number The serial number is incremented on each database change Changes to the master copy of the database are replicated according to timing set by the zone ad