毕业设计（论文）-机床变速箱的结构特性分析.docVIP

摘要 Analysis of the structural characteristics of gear-box of machine tool Abstract The gearbox of machine is the most important transmission part of machine tool. The machine motor and the machine tool spindle are linked by it, and it deliveries power and torque from machine motor to machine tool spindle, so the machine tool spindle can rotate to process the work piece. The main role of the gearbox machine is to regulate the speed and torque of the spindle with the variable-speed device ， so the motor can run in a best state. In this article three kinds of gearboxes are introduced (Shift Gearbox; Continuously Variable Trans-mission; Micro Gearbox); The features of each kind of three gearboxes are analysized ; The advantages and disadvantages of Shift Gearbox and Continuously Variable Trans-mission are discussied with examples ,and some improvements are made for some defects of Shift Gearbox .The solutions and the direction of future research are discussied to overcome the disadvantages of the CVT ,which is inefficient ;Some important features of Micro Gearbox are stated ,and The technical conditions ,using to achieve the features ,are considered. Key words: Gearbox,Feature, Analysis,Improvements,Direction of research 目 录 1.绪论 1 1.1概述 1 1.2 变速箱的发展状况 2 1.3 研究目的、意义和内容 3 2.换挡变速箱 3 2.1换挡变速箱的特点 3 2.2 CA6140车床换挡变速箱结构分析 3 2.3 关于换挡变速箱的部分改进意见 7 3. 无级变速箱 10 3.1无级变速箱的简介和发展 10 3.2 两种无级变速箱工作原理 12 3.2.1 液压无级变速器 12 3.2.2摩擦盘式无级变速器 13 3.3 关于提高无级变速箱效率的方法探究 15 4.微型机床变速箱 15 4.1微型变速箱简介 15 4.2 微型变速箱的特点 16 4.3 微型变速箱特点的深入分析 16 5. 结论 18 谢辞 19 参考文献 20 1.绪论 1.1概述 机床变速箱是机床中的重要的传动装置，机床运行性能的好坏很大程度上决定于机床变速箱的传动性能。机床变速箱主要是由变速传动机构和操纵机构组成。它将电动机和主轴联结起来，通过传动轴和齿轮以及其它传动件将电动机动力传递到主轴。既然是变速箱，顾名思义其主要作用是改变主轴转速，从而实现加工要求的目的。但是，其作用并不仅仅是改变转速这么简单，这主要是由电动机的物理性质决定的。任何电动机都有其峰值转速；其次，电动机最大功率及最大扭矩在一定的转速区出现。变速箱中的变速机构通过改变传动比从而达到改变电动机运行状态的目的。保持合理的传动比可以使电动机工作在其最佳的动力性能状态下。 机床变速箱按照尺寸大小可划分为传统尺寸机床变速箱和微型机 床变速箱。同时，传统尺寸变速箱依照变速方式的不同可分为换挡变速箱（又称有级变速箱）和无级变速箱。 换挡变速箱是目前在机床上应用最广泛的一种。它采用齿轮传动， 具有若干个定值传动比。这种变速箱主要由传动轴、滑移齿轮、离合器、变速机构以及