毕业设计（论文）-抽油机电动机晶闸管调压节能控制系统设计.docVIP

抽油机电动机晶闸管调压节能控制系统设计 学生专业：电气工程及其自动化 学生姓名： 导师姓名： 摘 要 抽油机电动机起动转矩很大，但是电动机运行过程中多处于轻载状态，电能浪费比较严重，所以研究抽油机电动机节能具有重要意义。电动机处于轻载运行状态时，调节输入端电压使其在能安全带动负载的前提下，自身损耗尽可能小，达到节能的目的。 通过查阅文献对当前国内外常用的节能方法进行分析并对其优缺点逐一比较，在选定降压节能方法后对降压节能运行给予了理论分析与论证，可知定子电压降低，功率因数和效率都将得到改善。通过Matlab仿真和电动机实验对降压节能方案进行验证，为系统设计提供了依据。 本文还进行了抽油机电动机调压节能系统的软、硬件设计。系统的硬件设计包括晶闸管调压主电路设计和以PIC16C74单片机为核心的控制电路的设计。针对非同步投入带来的危害，设计了相位检测电路。根据仿真实验得到的控制规律和提出的双反馈控制原理进行了系统的软件设计。 关键词：抽油机 节能 晶闸管 单片机 Abstract The start torque of oil-pumping units motor is very large, the motor always moves with low load. This run status results in the energy waste. It makes sense to research the energy saving of oil-pumping units motor. When motor light-load state，Regulating the input voltage and when the motors run with it，their power loss will be decreased as much as possible while they can burden their load safely. So the purpose of energy saving Through is achieved consulting a lot of literature, introduced the general energy saving ways and analyses their merits and defects. After choosing the ways of regulating voltage, the paper analyses the run of the motors under lower voltage. It gets the result that the voltage fall will improve the power factor and efficiency. The paper makes the simulation and motor experiment and adjusts the regulation rules. At last, the paper makes the systems design of software and hardware. The hardware design includes the SCR voltage regulating main circuit and the control circuit whose core is the PIC16C74 micro-controller. In order to keep the in-phase of the lines, it designs the phase detection circuit. On the basis of introduction of the control rules, the paper makes the software design. Key word: oil-pumping uni saving energy thyristor MCU 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第1章 绪论 1 1.1课题的背景及意义 1 1.2目前所存在的问题 1 1.3目前发展情况及节能技术 2 1.3.1抽油机常用节能技术 2 1.3.2抽油机今后的发展方向 4 第2章