2006年综合试试题.docVIP

Pan Pearl River Delta Physics Olympiad 2006 2006年泛珠江三角物理競賽 Part-1 卷-1 (9:00 am – 12:00 pm, 02-09-2006) Q1 (8 points) 題1 (8分) A meson is composed of two quarks with rather complicated interaction between them. To learn the physics inside the meson high energy electrons are usually employed to collide inelastically with the mesons. The process is very difficult to interpret, and to grasp the essential elements of it the Parton model was developed. The model assumes that the incoming electron collides elastically with only part of the meson, i. e., with only one quark. The quark then passes its energy to its parent meson. The essence of the model can be illustrated with the following drastically simplified model. The electron of mass m1 and kinetic energy E collides elastically with a quark of mass m2 in a meson. The other quark has mass m3. The two quarks are connected by a weightless spring. Before the collision the two quarks are at rest and the spring is at its natural length. All motions are along one dimension only, and ignore all relativistic effects. Find the internal energy of the meson as represented by the vibration energy of the spring, and the kinetic energy of the meson as a whole after the collision. 介子由兩個誇克構成，而誇克之間的相互作用相當複雜。研究介子可通過用高能電子與之作非彈性碰撞來進行。由於碰撞過程難於分析，為掌握其主要內涵，人們發展了一種簡化了的‘分粒子’模型。其主要內容為：電子只和介子的某部分（比如其中一個誇克）作彈性碰撞。碰撞後的誇克再經過介子內的相互作用把能量和動量傳給整個介子。模型的主要精神可用下面的簡化模型來闡述：一電子質量為m1，動能為E，與介子的一個誇克（質量m2）作彈性碰撞。介子裏另一個誇克的質量為m3。誇克間以一無質量彈簧相連。碰撞前誇克處於靜止狀態，彈簧處於自然長度。所有運動都是一維的。忽略一切相對論效應。求碰撞後以彈簧振動形式代表的介子內能，和介子作為一整體所具有的動能。 Q2 (8 points) 題2 (8分) A uniform iron pulley of total mass M1 and radius R is fixed above the ground. It can spin freely about its center. Additional weights in the form of many small magnets with total mass M2 can be attached to the pulley. A long thread is winding around its edge, and at its end hangs a weight of mass M3 at height H from the ground that can be released suddenly. Assume that there is no slip between the thread and the pulley. (a) How sh