国际商法第二章.pptVIP

Chapter Two Law of Business Organization 企业组织法 Key Terms: Business organization：企业组织 Partnership：合伙 Partners’ liability：合伙人责任 Limited partnership：有限合伙 Corporation：公司 Some Basic Civil Law Concepts: 1. Civil fact：民事法律事实 Civil act：民事法律行为 2. Civil legal relation：民事法律关系 3. Civil rights：民事权利 4. Civil liability：民事义务 5. Civil subject：民事主体 Capacity：民事权利能力 Competence：民事行为能力 Civil subjects: 民事主体 Natural person：自然人 Adults: full capacity and competence. Minors: full capacity, no or limited competence. Mentally ill person: full capacity, no or limited competence Unlimited liability to his debts or obligations. b. Legal person (corporation)：法人 independent will：独立的意志 independent property：独立的财产 independent liability：独立的责任 limited liability to the shareholders C. Other business organizations: 1) sole proprietorship：个人独资企业 unlimited liability to the proprietor 2) Partnership (firm)：合伙企业 unlimited liability to the partners All partners are liable jointly to all debts or obligations of the partnership. limited partnership: 有限合伙企业 general partners：一般合伙人 limited partners：有限责任合伙人 PE: Private Equity Fund：私募股权投资基金 2.3 Law of Corporation (P40) 2.3.1 Introduction Company: firm, business, association 公司，商行（号），企业 corporation：公司，法人 corporate：法人组织的 incorporated：组成法人组织的 incorporated company：法人公司 incorporation：法人，社团，公司 Corporation：法人，公司 a separate legal person or legal entity: 1) Corporate personality 2) Limited liability to its shareholders Key Legal Features of a Corporation: independent will：独立的意志 independent property：独立的财产 independent liability：独立的责任 2.3.3 Creation of Corporation 4. Memorandum of Association （P44） In common law jurisdiction a. Memorandum of association (articles of incorporation, certificate of incorporation)：公司组织大纲 Regulate the activities with the outside world; Needed to be filed. b. The by-laws (articles of association) 公司章程（公司组织细则） Regulate the company’s internal affairs 2) In civil law jurisdiction The charter：公司章程 The company’s